使用正则表达式

本文源地址：以及其他相关参考资料

在处理字符串的时候，常常会用到正则表达式，在iphone os上也不例外。使用 RegexKitFramework 就可以了。

在这里下载RegexKitLite。

解压 RegexKitLite-4.0.tar.bz2 ：

RegexKitLite.h

RegexKitLite.m


RegexKitLite.html

examples

RKLMatchEnumerator.h


RKLMatchEnumerator.m


NSString-HexConversion.h


NSString-HexConversion.m


link_example.m

main.m

使用

这里，我们只需要 RegexKitLite.h 和 RegexKitLite.m 两个文件，将其加入到你的工程中。另外加入-licucore 链接开关。

简单的例子如

NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";


NSString *regexString = @"\\b(\\w+)\\b";

NSString *replaceWithString = @"{$1}";


NSString *replacedString = NULL;


replacedString = [searchString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfRegex:regexString withString:replaceWithString];


NSLog(@"replaced string: '%@'", replacedString);

输出结果为：1



replaced string: '{This} {is} {neat}.'

同时，也可以使用 Enumerator 来取得每个匹配的项。





#import <Foundation/NSAutoreleasePool.h>


#import "RegexKitLite.h"


#import "RKLMatchEnumerator.h"


int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

NSString *searchString = @"one\ntwo\n\nfour\n";

NSEnumerator *matchEnumerator = NULL;
NSString *regexString = @"(?m)^.*$";

NSLog(@"searchString: '%@'", searchString);

NSLog(@"regexString : '%@'", regexString);


matchEnumerator = [searchString matchEnumeratorWithRegex:regexString];

NSUInteger line = 0;

NSString *matchedString = NULL;



while((matchedString = [matchEnumerator nextObject]) != NULL)

{


NSLog(@"%d: %d '%@'", ++line, [matchedString length], matchedString);


}


[pool release];


return(0);


}

例子


解析HTML

下面用一个例子，来举例匹配HTML中字符串的方法。从img-tag中抽出alt属性的值。

1
2



<img src="/img/icon_new_b.gif" alt="test1" width="13" height="13" />


<img src="/img/icon_news_b.gif" alt="test2" width="13" height="13" />





NSString *details = [item objectForKey:@"description"];


if ([details length] > 0)

{

NSString *searchString = [details stringByHalfwideningLatinCharacters];


NSEnumerator *matchEnumerator = NULL;

NSString *regex = @"<img[^>]+alt="([^>]+)"[^>]*>";


matchEnumerator = [searchString matchEnumeratorWithRegex:regex];


NSUInteger line = 0;

NSString *matchedString = NULL;


while((matchedString = [matchEnumerator nextObject]) != NULL)

{


NSString *imgTag = matchedString;


NSMutableString *alt = [NSMutableString stringWithString:imgTag];

NSString *replaceWithString = @"$1";

NSUInteger replacedCount = [alt replaceOccurrencesOfRegex:regex withString:replaceWithString];


if (replacedCount)

{
NSString *abbr = [abbreviationMappings objectForKey:alt];


if (!abbr)

{


abbr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"[%@]", alt];

}


searchString = [searchString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:imgTag withString:abbr];

}


line++;


}


program.details = searchString;

}

置换字符串







NSString *result;

NSString *sample = @"Phone Num :

010-123-456-789";

NSString *regex = @"(\\d{3})-";
NSString *replace = @"$1,";

result = [sample stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfRegex:regex withString:replace];
NSLog(@"replace: %@", result);

如上所示的例子，数字间的“-”被置换为“,”输出结果为：

1



replace: Phone Num : 010,123,456,789

分割字符串



NSString *sample = @"This is sample";

NSString *regex = @"\\s+";

NSArray *results = [sample componentsSeparatedByRegex:regex];

NSLog(@"results: %@", results);

结果如下：





results: (
This,
is,
sample
)