最近有做在2d游戏中显示被遮挡轮廓的需求，网上的文章都是3d遮挡轮廓的多，不过还是有幸找到了一篇能完美实现2d精灵遮挡轮廓的shader代码
Unity Shader 2d XRay Sprite X光透视效果
精灵遮挡轮廓效果：
原理比较简单，就是使用怪物作为遮罩，怪物图片的模板测试永远通过，怪物图片所在的像素点的模板缓冲值永远为100。而建筑的shader有两个pass，第一个pass先渲染与怪物图片不相交区域，与怪物相交区域不能通过模板测试。第二个pass渲染与怪物相交区域，参考值为100，像素点与所在的像素点的模板缓冲值相等可以通过模板测试，而与怪物不相交区域的模板缓冲值不为100，所以不渲染。
不理解可以看看这篇模板测试原理的文章，里面有比较清晰的例子Unity3D–Stencil Test模板测试
由于我使用的是urp渲染管线不是内置管线（使用shader gragh都要变更为urp渲染管线），上述shader会失效，因为内置管线使用的是GC语言，urp渲染管线使用的是HLSL语言，所以要将上述shader更改为HLSL版本。可以复制Universal Render Pipeline/2D/Sprite-Lit-Default 这个shader出来直接修改。下面是怪物shader的代码(虽然很多，实际只是添加了模板测试的几行)：
Shader "Unlit/monster"
{
Properties
{
_MainTex("Diffuse", 2D) = "white" {}
_MaskTex("Mask", 2D) = "white" {}
_NormalMap("Normal Map", 2D) = "bump" {}
// Legacy properties. They're here so that materials using this shader can gracefully fallback to the legacy sprite shader.
[HideInInspector] _Color("Tint", Color) = (1,1,1,1)
[HideInInspector] _RendererColor("RendererColor", Color) = (1,1,1,1)
[HideInInspector] _Flip("Flip", Vector) = (1,1,1,1)
[HideInInspector] _AlphaTex("External Alpha", 2D) = "white" {}
[HideInInspector] _EnableExternalAlpha("Enable External Alpha", Float) = 0
}
SubShader
{
Tags {"Queue" = "Transparent" "RenderType" = "Transparent" "RenderPipeline" = "UniversalPipeline" }
stencil{
Ref 100
Comp Always
Pass Replace
}
Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha, One OneMinusSrcAlpha
Cull Off
ZWrite Off
Pass
{
Tags { "LightMode" = "Universal2D" }
HLSLPROGRAM
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/ShaderLibrary/Core.hlsl"
#pragma vertex CombinedShapeLightVertex
#pragma fragment CombinedShapeLightFragment
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_0 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_1 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_2 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_3 __
#pragma multi_compile _ DEBUG_DISPLAY
struct Attributes
{
float3 positionOS : POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};
struct Varyings
{
float4 positionCS : SV_POSITION;
half4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
half2 lightingUV : TEXCOORD1;
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
float3 positionWS : TEXCOORD2;
#endif
UNITY_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO
};
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/LightingUtility.hlsl"
TEXTURE2D(_MainTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MainTex);
TEXTURE2D(_MaskTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MaskTex);
half4 _MainTex_ST;
float4 _Color;
half4 _RendererColor;
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_0
SHAPE_LIGHT(0)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_1
SHAPE_LIGHT(1)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_2
SHAPE_LIGHT(2)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_3
SHAPE_LIGHT(3)
#endif
Varyings CombinedShapeLightVertex(Attributes v)
{
Varyings o = (Varyings)0;
UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(v);
UNITY_INITIALIZE_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO(o);
o.positionCS = TransformObjectToHClip(v.positionOS);
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
o.positionWS = TransformObjectToWorld(v.positionOS);
#endif
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.uv, _MainTex);
o.lightingUV = half2(ComputeScreenPos(o.positionCS / o.positionCS.w).xy);
o.color = v.color * _Color * _RendererColor;
return o;
}
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/CombinedShapeLightShared.hlsl"
half4 CombinedShapeLightFragment(Varyings i) : SV_Target
{
const half4 main = i.color * SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MainTex, sampler_MainTex, i.uv);
const half4 mask = SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MaskTex, sampler_MaskTex, i.uv);
SurfaceData2D surfaceData;
InputData2D inputData;
InitializeSurfaceData(main.rgb, main.a, mask, surfaceData);
InitializeInputData(i.uv, i.lightingUV, inputData);
return CombinedShapeLightShared(surfaceData, inputData);
}
ENDHLSL
}
Pass
{
Tags { "LightMode" = "NormalsRendering"}
HLSLPROGRAM
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/ShaderLibrary/Core.hlsl"
#pragma vertex NormalsRenderingVertex
#pragma fragment NormalsRenderingFragment
struct Attributes
{
float3 positionOS : POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};
struct Varyings
{
float4 positionCS : SV_POSITION;
half4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
half3 normalWS : TEXCOORD1;
half3 tangentWS : TEXCOORD2;
half3 bitangentWS : TEXCOORD3;
UNITY_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO
};
TEXTURE2D(_MainTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MainTex);
TEXTURE2D(_NormalMap);
SAMPLER(sampler_NormalMap);
half4 _NormalMap_ST; // Is this the right way to do this?
Varyings NormalsRenderingVertex(Attributes attributes)
{
Varyings o = (Varyings)0;
UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(attributes);
UNITY_INITIALIZE_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO(o);
o.positionCS = TransformObjectToHClip(attributes.positionOS);
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(attributes.uv, _NormalMap);
o.color = attributes.color;
o.normalWS = -GetViewForwardDir();
o.tangentWS = TransformObjectToWorldDir(attributes.tangent.xyz);
o.bitangentWS = cross(o.normalWS, o.tangentWS) * attributes.tangent.w;
return o;
}
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/NormalsRenderingShared.hlsl"
half4 NormalsRenderingFragment(Varyings i) : SV_Target
{
const half4 mainTex = i.color * SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MainTex, sampler_MainTex, i.uv);
const half3 normalTS = UnpackNormal(SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_NormalMap, sampler_NormalMap, i.uv));
return NormalsRenderingShared(mainTex, normalTS, i.tangentWS.xyz, i.bitangentWS.xyz, i.normalWS.xyz);
}
ENDHLSL
}
Pass
{
Tags { "LightMode" = "UniversalForward" "Queue" = "Transparent" "RenderType" = "Transparent"}
HLSLPROGRAM
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/ShaderLibrary/Core.hlsl"
#pragma vertex UnlitVertex
#pragma fragment UnlitFragment
struct Attributes
{
float3 positionOS : POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};
struct Varyings
{
float4 positionCS : SV_POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
float3 positionWS : TEXCOORD2;
#endif
UNITY_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO
};
TEXTURE2D(_MainTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MainTex);
float4 _MainTex_ST;
float4 _Color;
half4 _RendererColor;
Varyings UnlitVertex(Attributes attributes)
{
Varyings o = (Varyings)0;
UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(attributes);
UNITY_INITIALIZE_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO(o);
o.positionCS = TransformObjectToHClip(attributes.positionOS);
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
o.positionWS = TransformObjectToWorld(v.positionOS);
#endif
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(attributes.uv, _MainTex);
o.color = attributes.color * _Color * _RendererColor;
return o;
}
float4 UnlitFragment(Varyings i) : SV_Target
{
float4 mainTex = i.color * SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MainTex, sampler_MainTex, i.uv);
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
SurfaceData2D surfaceData;
InputData2D inputData;
half4 debugColor = 0;
InitializeSurfaceData(mainTex.rgb, mainTex.a, surfaceData);
InitializeInputData(i.uv, inputData);
SETUP_DEBUG_DATA_2D(inputData, i.positionWS);
if (CanDebugOverrideOutputColor(surfaceData, inputData, debugColor))
{
return debugColor;
}
#endif
return mainTex;
}
ENDHLSL
}
}
Fallback "Sprites/Default"
}
下面是建筑shader的代码，简单加个轮廓颜色，轮廓纹理就懒得加了
Shader "Unlit/build"
{
Properties
{
_MainTex("Diffuse", 2D) = "white" {}
_MaskTex("Mask", 2D) = "white" {}
_NormalMap("Normal Map", 2D) = "bump" {}
_XRayColor("X Ray Color",Color) = (1,1,1,1)
// Legacy properties. They're here so that materials using this shader can gracefully fallback to the legacy sprite shader.
[HideInInspector] _Color("Tint", Color) = (1,1,1,1)
[HideInInspector] _RendererColor("RendererColor", Color) = (1,1,1,1)
[HideInInspector] _Flip("Flip", Vector) = (1,1,1,1)
[HideInInspector] _AlphaTex("External Alpha", 2D) = "white" {}
[HideInInspector] _EnableExternalAlpha("Enable External Alpha", Float) = 0
}
SubShader
{
Tags {"Queue" = "Transparent" "RenderType" = "Transparent" "RenderPipeline" = "UniversalPipeline" }
Blend One OneMinusSrcAlpha
// Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha, One OneMinusSrcAlpha
Cull Off
ZWrite Off
Pass
{ stencil {
Ref 99
Comp Greater
}
Tags { "LightMode" = "SRPDefaultUnlit" }
HLSLPROGRAM
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/ShaderLibrary/Core.hlsl"
#pragma vertex CombinedShapeLightVertex
#pragma fragment CombinedShapeLightFragment
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_0 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_1 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_2 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_3 __
#pragma multi_compile _ DEBUG_DISPLAY
struct Attributes
{
float3 positionOS : POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};
struct Varyings
{
float4 positionCS : SV_POSITION;
half4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
half2 lightingUV : TEXCOORD1;
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
float3 positionWS : TEXCOORD2;
#endif
UNITY_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO
};
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/LightingUtility.hlsl"
TEXTURE2D(_MainTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MainTex);
TEXTURE2D(_MaskTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MaskTex);
half4 _MainTex_ST;
float4 _Color;
half4 _RendererColor;
float4 _XRayColor;
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_0
SHAPE_LIGHT(0)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_1
SHAPE_LIGHT(1)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_2
SHAPE_LIGHT(2)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_3
SHAPE_LIGHT(3)
#endif
Varyings CombinedShapeLightVertex(Attributes v)
{
Varyings o = (Varyings)0;
UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(v);
UNITY_INITIALIZE_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO(o);
o.positionCS = TransformObjectToHClip(v.positionOS);
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
o.positionWS = TransformObjectToWorld(v.positionOS);
#endif
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.uv, _MainTex);
o.lightingUV = half2(ComputeScreenPos(o.positionCS / o.positionCS.w).xy);
o.color = v.color * _Color * _RendererColor;
return o;
}
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/CombinedShapeLightShared.hlsl"
half4 CombinedShapeLightFragment(Varyings i) : SV_Target
{
const half4 main = i.color * SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MainTex, sampler_MainTex, i.uv);
const half4 mask = SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MaskTex, sampler_MaskTex, i.uv);
SurfaceData2D surfaceData;
InputData2D inputData;
InitializeSurfaceData(main.rgb, main.a, mask, surfaceData);
InitializeInputData(i.uv, i.lightingUV, inputData);
return CombinedShapeLightShared(surfaceData, inputData) ;
}
ENDHLSL
}
Pass
{ stencil {
Ref 100
Comp Equal
Pass IncrSat
}
Tags { "LightMode" = "Universal2D" }
HLSLPROGRAM
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/ShaderLibrary/Core.hlsl"
#pragma vertex CombinedShapeLightVertex
#pragma fragment CombinedShapeLightFragment
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_0 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_1 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_2 __
#pragma multi_compile USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_3 __
#pragma multi_compile _ DEBUG_DISPLAY
struct Attributes
{
float3 positionOS : POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};
struct Varyings
{
float4 positionCS : SV_POSITION;
half4 color : COLOR;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
half2 lightingUV : TEXCOORD1;
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
float3 positionWS : TEXCOORD2;
#endif
UNITY_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO
};
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/LightingUtility.hlsl"
TEXTURE2D(_MainTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MainTex);
TEXTURE2D(_MaskTex);
SAMPLER(sampler_MaskTex);
half4 _MainTex_ST;
float4 _Color;
half4 _RendererColor;
float4 _XRayColor;
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_0
SHAPE_LIGHT(0)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_1
SHAPE_LIGHT(1)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_2
SHAPE_LIGHT(2)
#endif
#if USE_SHAPE_LIGHT_TYPE_3
SHAPE_LIGHT(3)
#endif
Varyings CombinedShapeLightVertex(Attributes v)
{
Varyings o = (Varyings)0;
UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(v);
UNITY_INITIALIZE_VERTEX_OUTPUT_STEREO(o);
o.positionCS = TransformObjectToHClip(v.positionOS);
#if defined(DEBUG_DISPLAY)
o.positionWS = TransformObjectToWorld(v.positionOS);
#endif
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.uv, _MainTex);
o.lightingUV = half2(ComputeScreenPos(o.positionCS / o.positionCS.w).xy);
o.color = v.color * _Color * _RendererColor;
return o;
}
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/Shaders/2D/Include/CombinedShapeLightShared.hlsl"
half4 CombinedShapeLightFragment(Varyings i) : SV_Target
{
const half4 main = i.color * SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MainTex, sampler_MainTex, i.uv);
const half4 mask = SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_MaskTex, sampler_MaskTex, i.uv);
SurfaceData2D surfaceData;
InputData2D inputData;
InitializeSurfaceData(main.rgb, main.a, mask, surfaceData);
InitializeInputData(i.uv, i.lightingUV, inputData);
return CombinedShapeLightShared(surfaceData, inputData) * _XRayColor;
}
ENDHLSL
}
}
Fallback "Sprites/Default"
}
这里是把第一个pass复制出来再修改，删掉了原来的第三个pass。这里有一个坑，URP本身不鼓励在一个Shader里面写多Pass，所以如果不指定LightMode的情况下，只有第一个Pass生效，其他的Pass都不会生效。
给第一个pass加上tags就可以解决
Tags{ "LightMode" = "SRPDefaultUnlit" }
相关知识点
URP的多Pass和Features用法
最后在渲染管线中设置一下排序轴，设置为（0，1，0）
这样就会按照y轴进行深度显示，有一个正确的视觉顺序
怪物在下面时，建筑被遮挡部分不通过深度测试
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