《How Tomcat Works》学习笔记（二）

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-23 15:48:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-12-23 15:48:42 发布

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分类专栏： Tomcat学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zxdfc/article/details/49739485

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第二章主要是编写一个简单的servlet容器。

书中对Servlet中的一些接口和类进行了详细的解释。

通过书中的自己写一个可以访问静态资源和servlet的简单Servlet容器（从上一讲的拓展）

SocketTest

Request

Response

StaticResourceProcessor

ServletProcessor1

Constants

项目目录结构：

SocketTest

package com.test.test;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class SocketTest 
{
	//获取文件路径
	
	private static final String SHUTDOWN="/SHUTDOWN";
	private boolean shutdown = false;
	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		
		SocketTest st = new SocketTest();
		st.await();
	}
	
	public void await()
	{
		 ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
		 
		 int port = 8080;
		 
		 try
		 {
			 serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
		 }catch(Exception e)
		 {
			 e.printStackTrace();
			 System.exit(1);
		 }
		 while(!shutdown)
		 {
			 Socket socket = null;
			 
			 InputStream is = null;
			 
			 OutputStream os = null;
			 
			 try
			 {
				 socket  = serverSocket.accept();
				 is = socket.getInputStream();
				 os = socket.getOutputStream();
				 
				 Request request = new Request(is);
				 
				 request.parse();
				 
				 Response response = new Response(os);
				 
				 response.setRequest(request);
				
				 //判断请求的是静态资源还是servlet
				 //处理servlet
				 if(request.getUri().startsWith("/servlet/"))
				 {
					 ServletProcessor1 sp = new ServletProcessor1();
					 sp.process(request,response);
				 }//处理静态资源
				 else
				 {
					 StaticResourceProcessor srp = new StaticResourceProcessor();
					 
					 srp.process(request,response);
				 }
				 socket.close();
				 shutdown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN); 
				 
			 }catch(Exception e)
			 {
				 e.printStackTrace();
				 System.exit(1);
			 }
		 }
		 
	}
}

Request:

package com.test.test;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.DispatcherType;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Request implements ServletRequest{

	private InputStream is;
	
	private String uri;
	
	public Request(InputStream is)
	{
		this.is = is;
	}

	public String getUri()
	{
		return this.uri;
	}
	
	public void parse() {
       
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(2048);
		byte[] buff = new byte[2048];
	
		int length = -1;
		try
		{
			
			length = is.read(buff);
			
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		for(int i=0; i<length; i++)
		{
			sb.append((char)buff[i]);
		}
		System.out.println("request :  "+sb.toString());
		
		//解析
		uri = parseUri(sb.toString());
	}

	//请求头的格式GET /servlet/PrimitiveServlet HTTP/1.1
	//返回的的是/servlet/PrimitiveServlet
	private String parseUri(String source) {
		
		int beginIndex,endIndex;
		beginIndex = source.indexOf(" ");
		
		if(-1 != beginIndex)
		{
			endIndex = source.indexOf(" ", beginIndex+1);
			
			if(endIndex > beginIndex)
			{
				return source.substring(beginIndex+1, endIndex);
			}
		}
		
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Object getAttribute(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String env) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public int getContentLength() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getParameter(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration<String> getParameterNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getProtocol() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getScheme() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServerName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getServerPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteHost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void setAttribute(String name, Object o) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void removeAttribute(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration<Locale> getLocales() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isSecure() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRealPath(String path) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getRemotePort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getLocalPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletContext getServletContext() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public AsyncContext startAsync() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public AsyncContext startAsync(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAsyncStarted() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAsyncSupported() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public AsyncContext getAsyncContext() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public DispatcherType getDispatcherType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}
	
}

Response:

package com.test.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Response implements ServletResponse{

	private static final int BUFF_SIZE = 1024;
	private OutputStream os;
	
	private Request request;
	
	PrintWriter writer;
	
	public Response(OutputStream os)
	{
		this.os = os;
	}

	public void setRequest(Request request) {
		this.request = request;
	}
	public void sendStaticResource()
	{
		byte[] buff = new byte[BUFF_SIZE];
		
		FileInputStream fis = null;
		try
		{
			File file = new File(Constants.WebRoot, request.getUri());
			
			fis = new FileInputStream(file);
			
			int length = -1;
			while(-1 != (length = fis.read(buff)))
			{
				os.write(buff, 0, length);
			}
			
			
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" + "Content-Type: text/html\r\n" + "Content-Length: 23\r\n" + "\r\n" + "<h1>File Not Found</h1>";;
			try {
				os.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
			} catch (IOException e1) {
				e1.printStackTrace();
			}
		}finally
		{
			try {
				os.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
	
		writer = new PrintWriter(os, true);
		return writer;
	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String charset) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setContentLength(int len) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setContentType(String type) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setBufferSize(int size) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public int getBufferSize() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void resetBuffer() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isCommitted() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public void reset() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setLocale(Locale loc) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}
}

StaticResourceProcessor

package com.test.test;

/**
 * 静态资源
 *
 */
public class StaticResourceProcessor {

	public void process(Request request, Response response) {
	      
		try
		{
			response.sendStaticResource();
			
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}


}

ServletProcessor

package com.test.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;



public class ServletProcessor1 {

	public void process(Request request, Response response)
	{
		String fullName = request.getUri();
		
		String servletName = fullName.substring(fullName.lastIndexOf("/")+1);
		
		System.out.println("servletName: "+servletName);
		
		URLClassLoader loader = null;
		
		try
		{
			URL[] urls = new URL[1];
			
			URLStreamHandler streamHandler = null;
			
			File classPath = new File(Constants.WebRoot);
			
//			System.out.println("absolution: "+classPath.getAbsolutePath());
//			
//			System.out.println("canon: "+classPath.getCanonicalPath());
			
			String reposity = (new URL("file",null, classPath.getCanonicalPath()+File.pathSeparator)).toString();
			
			urls[0] = new URL(null,reposity, streamHandler);
			
			loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
			
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		try {
			
			Class<?> servletClass = loader.loadClass(servletName);
			
			Object obj = servletClass.newInstance();
			
			Servlet servlet = (Servlet)obj;
			
			servlet.service(request, response);
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			
			try {
				response.getWriter().println("<h1>Not Find Servlet</h1>");
			} catch (IOException e1) {
				e1.printStackTrace();
			}
			
		}
		
		
	}


}

PrimitiveServlet( 注意写在默认包内)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class PrimitiveServlet implements Servlet{

	@Override
	public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
		
		
		System.out.println("*******init******");
	}

	@Override
	public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		System.out.println("from service");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		//System.out.println(out+".....");
		out.println("Hello. Roses are red.");
		out.println("Violets are blue.");
		
		
	}

	@Override
	public String getServletInfo() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("destroy....");
	}

}

Constants

package com.test.test;

import java.io.File;

public class Constants {

	public static final String WebRoot=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"WebContent";
}

运行效果：

有没有觉得ServletProcessor类中看着有点晕，其实是用java中的反射调用PrimitiveServlet中的service方法

改写成下面的也可以：（主要是里面URLClassLoader,URLStreamHandler等等没有弄明白）

package com.test.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;



public class ServletProcessor1 {

	public void process(Request request, Response response)
	{
		String fullName = request.getUri();
		
		String servletName = fullName.substring(fullName.lastIndexOf("/")+1);
		
		System.out.println("servletName: "+servletName);
		
		try {
			
			Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(servletName);
			
			Servlet servlet = (Servlet)clazz.newInstance();
			
			servlet.service(request, response);
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();

			try {
				response.getWriter().println("<h1>Not Find Servlet</h1>");
			} catch (IOException e1) {
				e1.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
	}


}

第一个应用程序有一个严重的问题。在ServletProcessor1类的process方法，你向上转换ex02.pyrmont.Request实例为javax.servlet.ServletRequest，并作为第一个参数传递给servlet的service方法。你也向下转换ex02.pyrmont.Response实例为javax.servlet.ServletResponse，并作为第二个参数传递给servlet的service方法这会危害安全性。知道这个servlet容器的内部运作的Servlet程序员可以分别把ServletRequest和ServletResponse实例向下转换为ex02.pyrmont.Request和ex02.pyrmont.Response，并调用他们的公共方法。拥有一个Request实例，它们就可以调用parse方法。拥有一个Response实例，就可以调用sendStaticResource方法。

添加二个类：

RequestFacade:

package com.test.test;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.DispatcherType;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class RequestFacade implements ServletRequest{

	private ServletRequest request = null;
	
	public RequestFacade(Request request)
	{
		this.request  = request;
	}
	
	@Override
	public Object getAttribute(String name) {
		return request.getAttribute(name);
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNames() {
	
		return request.getAttributeNames();
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
	
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String env) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public int getContentLength() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getParameter(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration<String> getParameterNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getProtocol() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getScheme() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServerName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getServerPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteHost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void setAttribute(String name, Object o) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void removeAttribute(String name) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration<Locale> getLocales() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isSecure() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRealPath(String path) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getRemotePort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getLocalPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletContext getServletContext() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public AsyncContext startAsync() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public AsyncContext startAsync(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAsyncStarted() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAsyncSupported() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public AsyncContext getAsyncContext() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public DispatcherType getDispatcherType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

}

ResponseFacade:

package com.test.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class ResponseFacade implements ServletResponse{

	private ServletResponse response;
	
	public ResponseFacade(Response response)
	{
		this.response = response;
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
	
		return response.getCharacterEncoding();
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String charset) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setContentLength(int len) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setContentType(String type) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setBufferSize(int size) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public int getBufferSize() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void resetBuffer() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isCommitted() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public void reset() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setLocale(Locale loc) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}
	
}

ServletProcessor修改一下：

Servlet servlet = null; 
RequestFacade requestFacade = new RequestFacade(request);
ResponseFacade responseFacade = new ResponseFacade(response);
try { 
	
	servlet = (Servlet) myClass.newInstance();
	servlet.service((ServletRequest) requestFacade,(ServletResponse)responseFacade); 
}