拷贝构造与禁用-GCC 4.9编译通过

拷贝构造在如下二种情况下被触发：

 1. 对象需要通过另外一个对象进行初始化
 2. 对象通过值传递方式进入函数

#include <stdio.h>
class A {
public:
    int* x;
    int y;
    A() = default;
    A (const A& a) {
        printf ("拷贝构造\n");
        this->x = a.x;
        this->y = a.y;
    }

    A& operator= (const A& a) {
        printf ("赋值构造\n");
        this->x = a.x;
        this->y = a.y;
        return *this;
    }
    A (int t) {
        x = new int (0);
        y = t;
        printf ("address: %x, point: %x, value: %d\n", this, x, y);
    }
    ~A() {
        printf ("delete %x\n", this);
    }
};

A f () {
    A ret (3);
    printf ("stack address: %x, point: %x, value: %d\n", &ret, ret.x, ret.y);
    return ret;
}
void g (A ret) {
    printf ("stack address: %x, point: %x, value: %d\n", &ret, ret.x, ret.y);
}

1.对象需要通过另外一个对象进行初始化

int main() {
    A a(1);
    A c = a;
    printf ("global address: %x, point: %x, value: %d\n", &c, c.x, c.y);
    return 0;
}

Output:

	address: 838e0840, point: 146dc20, value: 1
	拷贝构造
	global address: 838e0850, point: 146dc20, value: 1
	delete 838e0850
	delete 838e0840`

2.对象通过值传递方式进入函数

int main() {
    A a (1);
    g (a);
    return 0;
}
Output:

	address: aa99190, point: 10d5c20, value: 1
	拷贝构造
	stack address: aa991a0, point: 10d5c20, value: 1
	delete aa991a0
	delete aa99190

拷贝构造禁用
1.将拷贝构造函数声明为私有，并不予实现

class Uncopyable  
{  
private:  
    Uncopyable(const Uncopyable &); // 阻止copying  
};

2.使用delete

class Uncopyable  
{  
    Uncopyable(const Uncopyable &) =delete; // 阻止copying  
};