操作系统及参数配置此处省略。。。
安装Oracle11g数据库软件此处省略。。。之后就可以用以下操作步骤来完成手工建库
0、配置sqlplus提示前置识别信息
配置sqlplus中显示连接的哪个数据库的提示前置识别信息 防止连错数据,操作失误
注:配置后效果:sqlplus 中显示连接的哪个数据库:“SYS@PROD01> ”
cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
vi glogin.sql
增加如下内容
define _editor='vi'
set sqlprompt "_user'@'_connect_identifier> "
1、根据init.ora生成待调整的pfile参数文件
[oracle@db01 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@db01 dbs]$ ls
hc_db01.dat hc_db01dg.dat init.ora lkDB01 orapwdb01 snapcf_db01.f spfiledb01.ora
[oracle@db01 dbs]$ cat init.ora |grep -v ^# |grep -v ^$ >initPROD01.ora
[oracle@db01 dbs]$ vi initPROD01.ora
[oracle@db01 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=PROD01
2、待调整的pfile参数文件内容
db_name='ORCL'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/admin/orcl/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
# You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical
# devices
control_files = (ora_control1, ora_control2)
compatible ='11.2.0'
3、调整后的参数文件内容
db_name='PROD01'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD01/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=PROD01XDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files = (/u01/app/oracle/ordata/PROD01/control1.ctl, /u01/app/oracle/ordata/PROD01/control2.ctl)
compatible ='11.2.0'
4、.bash_profile文件
vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.0.2/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_SID=PROD01
使环境变量生效
$ source .bash_profile
验证环境变量
$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
$ echo $ORACLE_SID
5、创建initPROD01.ora所需要的文件目录
进入ORACLE_BASE目录 创建initPROD01.ora所需要的文件目录
cd $ORACLE_BASE
mkdir -p admin/PROD01/adump
mkdir -p ordata/PROD01
6、根据pfile参数文件生成spfile参数文件
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup nomount;
Oracle数据库四种参数文件,依次优先
- spfilePROD01.ora
- spfile.ora
- initPROD01.ora
- init.ora
7、生成密码文件
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
orapwd file=orapwPROD01 password=oracle
8、手工建库的create database PROD01
官方文件参考位置
Books--> Administrator's Guide --> 2 Createing and Configuring an Oracle Database
--> Createing a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statment
--> Step9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement
需要调整的内容列表
01、修改数据名为 PROD01
02、修改SYS和SYSTEM 用户的密码为 oracle
03、修改数据文件和日志文件的路径名
CREATE DATABASE PROD01
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/logs/my/redo01a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/logs/my/redo02a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/logs/my/redo03a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 1024
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD01/system01.dbf'
SIZE 700M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD01/sysaux01.dbf'
SIZE 550M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD01/users01.dbf'
SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD01/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD01/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
USER_DATA TABLESPACE usertbs
ATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD01/usertbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
9、执行必选脚本
数据字典动态性能视图创建过程 cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus / as sysdba
SYS@PROD01> @crtdb.sql
Database created.
SYS@PROD01> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
SYS@PROD01> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
SYS@PROD01> conn system/oracle
SYS@PROD01> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
SYS@PROD01> selec * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
SYS@PROD01> select open_mode,name,dbid from v$database;
OPEN_MODE NAME DBID
----------------------- -------------------------- ----------
READ WRITE PROD01 1916288830