26-指针的本质

1、

2、

3、

4、*号的意义

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int i = 0;
    int* pI;
    char* pC;
    float* pF;

    pI = &i;

    *pI = 10;

    printf("%p, %p, %d\n", pI, &i, i);
    printf("%d, %d, %p\n", sizeof(int*), sizeof(pI), &pI);
    printf("%d, %d, %p\n", sizeof(char*), sizeof(pC), &pC);
    printf("%d, %d, %p\n", sizeof(float*), sizeof(pF), &pF);

    return 0;
}
我的是64位系统，所以指针占8个字节
0x7ffd2d56098c, 0x7ffd2d56098c, 10
8, 8, 0x7ffd2d560990
8, 8, 0x7ffd2d560998
8, 8, 0x7ffd2d5609a0

5、传值调用和传址调用

#include <stdio.h>
int swap(int* a, int* b)
{
    int c = *a;
    *a = *b;
    *b = c;
}
int main()
{
    int aa = 1;
    int bb = 2;
    printf("aa = %d, bb = %d\n", aa, bb);
    swap(&aa, &bb);
    printf("aa = %d, bb = %d\n", aa, bb);
    return 0;
}

aa = 1, bb = 2
aa = 2, bb = 1

6、常量指针

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int i = 0;

    const int* p1 = &i;
    int const* p2 = &i;
    int* const p3 = &i;
    const int* const p4 = &i;

    *p1 = 1;    // compile error
    p1 = NULL;  // ok

    *p2 = 2;    // compile error
    p2 = NULL;  // ok

    *p3 = 3;    // ok
    p3 = NULL;  // compile error

    *p4 = 4;    // compile error
    p4 = NULL;  // compile error

    return 0;
}

7、小结