Spring web开发之使用spring mvc

搭建spring mvc环境

步骤1：引入依赖：
org.springframework:spring-context:5.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework:spring-webmvc:5.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework:spring-jdbc:5.2.0.RELEASE
javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.3.2
io.pebbletemplates:pebble-spring5:3.1.2
ch.qos.logback:logback-core:1.2.3
ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:1.2.3
com.zaxxer:HikariCP:3.4.2
org.hsqldb:hsqldb:2.5.0
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:9.0.26
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:9.0.26

步骤2：logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
	<appender name="STDOUT"
		class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</Pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>

	<logger name="com.itranswarp.learnjava" level="info" additivity="false">
		<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
	</logger>

	<root level="info">
		<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
	</root>
</configuration>

步骤3：激活Spring mvc，在Appconfig中添加注解@EnableWebMvc

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableWebMvc // 启用Spring MVC
@EnableTransactionManagement
@PropertySource("classpath:/jdbc.properties")
public class AppConfig {
    ...
}

步骤4创建Bean：

@Bean
WebMvcConfigurer createWebMvcConfigurer() {
    return new WebMvcConfigurer() {
        @Override
        public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
            registry.addResourceHandler("/static/**").addResourceLocations("/static/");
        }
    };
}


@Bean
ViewResolver createViewResolver(@Autowired ServletContext servletContext) {
    PebbleEngine engine = new PebbleEngine.Builder().autoEscaping(true)
            .cacheActive(false)
            .loader(new ServletLoader(servletContext))
            .extension(new SpringExtension())
            .build();
    PebbleViewResolver viewResolver = new PebbleViewResolver();
    viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
    viewResolver.setSuffix("");
    viewResolver.setPebbleEngine(engine);
    return viewResolver;
}

步骤5启动spring容器：
在web.xml中配置Spring MVC提供的DispatcherServlet

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
            <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>com.itranswarp.learnjava.AppConfig</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

最后，我们在AppConfig中通过main()方法启动嵌入式Tomcat：

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
    tomcat.setPort(Integer.getInteger("port", 8080));
    tomcat.getConnector();
    Context ctx = tomcat.addWebapp("", new File("src/main/webapp").getAbsolutePath());
    WebResourceRoot resources = new StandardRoot(ctx);
    resources.addPreResources(
            new DirResourceSet(resources, "/WEB-INF/classes", new File("target/classes").getAbsolutePath(), "/"));
    ctx.setResources(resources);
    tomcat.start();
    tomcat.getServer().await();
}