tomcat 加载 spring 工程遇到的问题

严重: Error listenerStart
严重: Context [/xxxxxxx] startup failed due to previous errors

或者

严重: Error filterStart
org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Context startup failed due to previous errors  


web.xml  文件中
<listener>
     <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
     </listener-class>
 </listener>

替换成 
 <servlet>
     <servlet-name>SpringContextServlet</servlet-name>
          <servlet-class>
                org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServlet
         </servlet-class>
     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>