JPA 一对多实例配置

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0"> <persistence-unit name="mengya" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <properties> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="123"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mp?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence>

 

 在JPA中双向一对多关系则多方为关系护端即负责外键记录的更新，一方为被维护端即没有权力更新外键记录

src下在面的META-INF/persistence.xml配置如下：

 

 

订单和订单项两个实例实体Bean如下：

订单表：

package com.mengya.bean; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import javax.persistence.CascadeType; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name = "orders") public class Order { private String orderId; private Float amount = 0f;// 设置默认值 private Set<OrderItem> items = new HashSet<OrderItem>(); @Id @Column(length = 32) public String getOrderId() { return orderId; } public void setOrderId(String orderId) { this.orderId = orderId; } @Column(nullable = false) public Float getAmount() { return amount; } public void setAmount(Float amount) { this.amount = amount; } // cascade表示级联操作 // CascadeType.MERGE级联更新：若items属性修改了那么order对象保存时同时修改items里的对象。对应EntityManager的merge方法 // CascadeType.PERSIST级联刷新：获取order对象里也同时也重新获取最新的items时的对象。对应EntityManager的refresh(object)方法有效。即会重新查询数据库里的最新数据 // CascadeType.REFRESH级联保存：对order对象保存时也对items里的对象也会保存。对应EntityManager的presist方法 // CascadeType.REMOVE级联删除：对order对象删除也对items里的对象也会删除。对应EntityManager的remove方法 // FetchType.LAZY表示懒加载。对于xxxtoMany时即获得多的一方fetch的默认值是FetchType.LAZY懒加载。对于xxxtoOne时即获得一的一方fetch的默认值是FetchType.EAGER立即加载 // mappedBy表示关系统被维护端，它的值是关系维护端维护关系的属性 @OneToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.PERSIST, CascadeType.REFRESH, CascadeType.REMOVE }, fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "order") public Set<OrderItem> getItems() { return items; } public void setItems(Set<OrderItem> items) { this.items = items; } /** * 自己的加的一个方法，为了方便添加OrderItem * */ public void addOrderItem(OrderItem item) { item.setOrder(this); this.items.add(item); } }

 

订单项表：

 

package com.mengya.bean; import javax.persistence.CascadeType; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; @Entity public class OrderItem { private Integer id; private String productName; private Float sellPrice = 0f;// 设置默认值 private Order order; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } @Column(length = 40, nullable = false) public String getProductName() { return productName; } public void setProductName(String productName) { this.productName = productName; } @Column(nullable = false) public Float getSellPrice() { return sellPrice; } public void setSellPrice(Float sellPrice) { this.sellPrice = sellPrice; } // cascade表示级联。CascadeType.REFRESH级联刷新 // optional表示该对象可有可无，它的值为true表示该外键可以为null，它的值为false表示该外键为not null @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.REFRESH, fetch = FetchType.EAGER, optional = false) // JoinColumn表示外键的列 @JoinColumn(name="orderId") public Order getOrder() { return order; } public void setOrder(Order order) { this.order = order; } }

 

测试：

 package com.mengya.junit.test; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory; import javax.persistence.Persistence; import org.junit.Test; import com.mengya.bean.Order; import com.mengya.bean.OrderItem; public class JPA_OnetoManyTest { @Test public void save(){ EntityManagerFactory factory=Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("mengya"); EntityManager em=factory.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); Order order=new Order(); order.setOrderId("200910120001"); order.setAmount(450f); OrderItem item1=new OrderItem(); item1.setProductName("篮球"); item1.setSellPrice(220f); OrderItem item2=new OrderItem(); item2.setProductName("排球"); item2.setSellPrice(230f); order.addOrderItem(item1); order.addOrderItem(item2); em.persist(order); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); factory.close(); } }

 

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