java project环境,使用java.io用相对路径读取文件的例子:
*目录结构:
DecisionTree
|___src
|___com.decisiontree.SamplesReader.java
|___resource
|___train.txt,test.txt
*SamplesReader.java:
String filepath="resource/train.txt";//注意filepath的内容;
File file=new File(filepath);
……
*我们留意filepath的内容,java.io默认定位到当前用户目录("user.dir")下,即:工程根目
录"D:\DecisionTree"下(注意区别:getResourceAsStream方法默认到当前类所在的目录——即包中),因此,此时的相对路径(以user.dir为基路径的路径)为"resource/train.txt"
。这样,JVM就可以根据"user.dir"与"resource/train.txt"得到完整的路径(即绝对路
径)"D:\DecisionTree\resource\train.txt",从来找到train.txt文件。
*注意:相对路径的起始处无斜杆"/";例如:
filepath="resource/train.txt";
而不是filepath="/resource/train.txt"; //error!
├─src
│ └─com
│ └─lavasoft
│ ├─test
│ └─res
├─doc
import java.io.*;
/**
* Java读取相对路径的文件
*
* @author leizhimin 2010-1-15 10:59:43
*/
public class ReadFile {
public static void main(String[] args) {
readTextA_ByClassPath();
readTextA_ByProjectRelativePath();
readTextB_ByProjectRelativePath();
}
/**
* 通过工程相对路径读取(包内)文件,注意不以“/”开头
*/
public static void readTextA_ByProjectRelativePath() {
System.out.println( "-----------------readTextA_ByProjectRelativePath---------------------");
File f = new File( "src/com/lavasoft/res/a.txt");
String a = file2String(f, "GBK");
System.out.println(a);
}
/**
* 通过工程相对路径读取(包外)文件,注意不以“/”开头
*/
public static void readTextB_ByProjectRelativePath() {
System.out.println( "-----------------readTextB_ByProjectRelativePath---------------------");
File f = new File( "doc/b.txt");
String b = file2String(f, "GBK");
System.out.println(b);
}
/**
* 通过CLASSPATH读取包内文件,注意以“/”开头
*/
public static void readTextA_ByClassPath() {
System.out.println( "-----------------readTextA_ByClassPath---------------------");
InputStream in = ReadFile. class.getResourceAsStream( "/com/lavasoft/res/a.txt");
String a = stream2String(in, "GBK");
System.out.println(a);
}
/**
* 文件转换为字符串
*
* @param f 文件
* @param charset 文件的字符集
* @return 文件内容
*/
public static String file2String(File f, String charset) {
String result = null;
try {
result = stream2String( new FileInputStream(f), charset);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
/**
* 文件转换为字符串
*
* @param in 字节流
* @param charset 文件的字符集
* @return 文件内容
*/
public static String stream2String(InputStream in, String charset) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
try {
Reader r = new InputStreamReader(in, charset);
int length = 0;
for ( char[] c = new char[1024]; (length = r.read(c)) != -1;) {
sb.append(c, 0, length);
}
r.close();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
aaaaaaaaa
sssssssss
-----------------readTextA_ByProjectRelativePath---------------------
aaaaaaaaa
sssssssss
-----------------readTextB_ByProjectRelativePath---------------------
bbbbbbbbbbb
Process finished with exit code 0
import java.io.File;
/**
* CLASSPATH文件的绝对路径获取测试
*
* @author leizhimin 2010-1-18 9:33:02
*/
public class Test {
//classpath的文件路径
private static String cp = "/com/lavasoft/cfg/syscfg.properties";
public static void main(String[] args) {
//当前类的绝对路径
System.out.println(Test. class.getResource( "/").getFile());
//指定CLASSPATH文件的绝对路径
System.out.println(Test. class.getResource(cp).getFile());
//指定CLASSPATH文件的绝对路径
File f = new File(Test. class.getResource(cp).getFile());
System.out.println(f.getPath());
}
}
/D:/projects/bbt/code/cdn/planrpt/out/production/planrpt/com/lavasoft/cfg/syscfg.properties
D:\projects\bbt\code\cdn\planrpt\out\production\planrpt\com\lavasoft\cfg\syscfg.properties
Process finished with exit code 0