用字典实现代换
# 创建字典, 数据框中的值为 key, 用 value 替换
map_dic = {'key1':'value1', 'key2':'value2'}
df['column_name'] = df['column_name'].map(map_dic)
# 下面是将一列的元素编序号做键值对, 可忽略
map_dic = {}
i = 0
for r in df['column_name']:
if r not in map_dic:
map_dic[r] = i
i += 1