chattr 简介

NAME
       chattr - change file attributes on a Linux file system

SYNOPSIS
       chattr [ -RVf ] [ -v version ] [ -p project ] [ mode ] files...

DESCRIPTION
       chattr changes the file attributes on a Linux file system.

       The format of a symbolic mode is +-=[aAcCdDeFijPsStTu].

       The operator '+' causes the selected attributes to be added to the existing attributes of the files; '-' causes them to be removed; and '=' causes them to be the only attributes that the files have.

       The  letters  'aAcCdDeFijPsStTu'  select  the  new attributes for the files: append only (a), no atime updates (A), compressed (c), no copy on write (C), no dump (d), synchronous directory updates (D), extent format (e), case-
       insensitive directory lookups (F), immutable (i), data journalling (j), project hierarchy (P), secure deletion (s), synchronous updates (S), no tail-merging (t), top of directory hierarchy (T), and undeletable (u).

       The following attributes are read-only, and may be listed by lsattr(1) but not modified by chattr: encrypted (E), indexed directory (I), inline data (N), and verity (V).

       Not all flags are supported or utilized by all filesystems; refer to filesystem-specific man pages such as btrfs(5), ext4(5), and xfs(5) for more filesystem-specific details.

实例

给文件添加i属性

chattr +i /etc/hosts

给文件删除i属性

chattr -i /etc/hosts

只保留文件i属性

chattr =i /etc/hosts

i 属性详情

  i      A file with the 'i' attribute cannot be modified: it cannot be deleted or renamed, no link can be created to this file, most of the file's metadata can not be modified, and the file can not  be  opened  in  write  mode. Only the superuser or a process possessing the CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE capability can set or clear this attribute.