一、介绍
阿里云OSS 为 Object Storage Service,即对象存储服务,使用OSS,可以通过网络随时存储和调用包括文本、图片、音频和视频等在内的各种文件。
二、阿里云 OSS 使用
SDK:Software Development Kit,即软件开发工具包。
SDK 是第三方提供的工具包,里面有各种函数,即各种 API。
1:开通 OSS 服务。
2:创建一个 存储空间(bucket):存储空间是用户用于存储对象的容器,所有的对象都必须隶属于某个存储空间
3:创建AccessKey(类似账号密码,唯一凭证,不可泄露!!!)
4、参照官方SDK
在Maven工程中使用OSS Java SDK,只需在pom.xml中加入相应依赖即可。
<!--阿里云oss依赖坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
<version>3.15.1</version>
</dependency>
如果使用的是Java 9及以上的版本,则需要添加JAXB相关依赖。
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
<artifactId>activation</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- no more than 2.3.3-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
三、为使用方便,我们可以创建一个阿里云OSS工具类
public class AliOssUtil {
// Endpoint以华东1(杭州)为例,其它Region请按实际情况填写。
private static final String ENDPOINT = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";
// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前,请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
//EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
private static final String ACCESS_KEY_ID="";
private static final String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="";
// 填写Bucket名称
private static final String BUCKET_NAME = "zyx-big-event";
//返回图片的访问地址
public static String uploadFile(String objectName, InputStream in) throws Exception {
//in是图片的输入流
// 创建OSSClient实例。
OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(ENDPOINT,ACCESS_KEY_ID, ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);
String url = "";
try {
// 填写字符串。
String content = "Hello OSS,你好世界";
// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(BUCKET_NAME, objectName, in);
// 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限,请参考以下示例代码。
// ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
// metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());
// metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);
// putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);
// 上传字符串。
PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
//url组成: https://bucket名称.区域节点/objectName
url = "https://"+BUCKET_NAME+"."+ENDPOINT.substring(ENDPOINT.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+"/"+objectName;
} catch (OSSException oe) {
System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
} catch (ClientException ce) {
System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
+ "such as not being able to access the network.");
System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
} finally {
if (ossClient != null) {
ossClient.shutdown();
}
}
return url;
}
}
接口的调用
@RestController
public class FileUploadController {
@PostMapping("/upload")
public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
//
String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
//保证文件的名字是唯一的,从而防止文件覆盖
String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf('.'));
String url = AliOssUtil.uploadFile(fileName, file.getInputStream());
return Result.success(url);
}
}