IEnumerable和IEnumerator区别

1、一个Collection要支持foreach方式的遍历，必须实现IEnumerable接口（亦即，必须以某种方式返回IEnumerator object）。

2、IEnumerator object具体实现了iterator（通过MoveNext()，Reset()，Current）。

3、从这两个接口的用词选择上，也可以看出其不同：IEnumerable是一个声明式的接口，声明实现该接口的class是“可枚举（enumerable）”的，但并没有说明如何实现枚举器（iterator）；IEnumerator是一个实现式的接口，IEnumerator object就是一个iterator。

4、IEnumerable和IEnumerator通过IEnumerable的GetEnumerator()方法建立了连接，client可以通过IEnumerable的GetEnumerator()得到IEnumerator object，在这个意义上，将GetEnumerator()看作IEnumerator object的factory method也未尝不可。

实例程序：

using System;

using System.Collections;

public class Person

{

    public Person(string fName, string lName)

    {

        this.firstName = fName;

        this.lastName = lName;

    }

    public string firstName;

    public string lastName;

}

public class People : IEnumerable

{

    private Person[] _people;

    public People(Person[] pArray)

    {

        _people = new Person[pArray.Length];

        for (int i = 0; i < pArray.Length; i++)

        {

            _people[i] = pArray[i];

        }

    }

    public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()

    {

        return new PeopleEnum(_people);

    }

}

public class PeopleEnum : IEnumerator

{

    public Person[] _people;

    // Enumerators are positioned before the first element

    // until the first MoveNext() call.

    int position = -1;

    public PeopleEnum(Person[] list)

    {

        _people = list;

    }

    public bool MoveNext()

    {

        position++;

        return (position < _people.Length);

    }

    public void Reset()

    {

        position = -1;

    }

    public object Current

    {

        get

        {

            try

            {

                return _people[position];

            }

            catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)

            {

                throw new InvalidOperationException();

            }

        }

    }

}

class App

{

    static void Main()

    {

        Person[] peopleArray = new Person[3]

        {

            new Person("John", "Smith"),

            new Person("Jim", "Johnson"),

            new Person("Sue", "Rabon"),

        };

        People peopleList = new People(peopleArray);

        foreach (Person p in peopleList)

            Console.WriteLine(p.firstName + " " + p.lastName);

    }

}

/* This code produces output similar to the following:

*

* John Smith

* Jim Johnson

* Sue Rabon

*

*/