RHEL7更改yum源后出现redhat-release与 initscripts 冲突问题

大家在更改yum源以后可能会遇到initscripts-9.49.47-1.el7.x86_64与redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64冲突的问题，解决思路是将redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64删除，安装centos-release.x86_64 的某个版本，再升级initscripts就行了。网上很多人只给出删除redhat-release-server的建议，但是实际操作时很有可能一重启就进入紧急模式，得不偿失。

首先，大家应该查一下本机的initscripts的版本，有没有更适合自己系统的。

        输入以下命令：

[root@linuxprobe bin]# yum list initscripts

        得到以下反馈：

已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
已安装的软件包
initscripts.x86_64                  9.49.17-1.el7                  @anaconda/7.0
可安装的软件包
initscripts.x86_64                  9.49.47-1.el7                  base   

说明当前版本是initscripts.x86_64                  9.49.17-1.el7                  @anaconda/7.0

可以用更适合系统的initscripts.x86_64                  9.49.47-1.el7                  base   版本来替换。

  [root@linuxprobe bin]#  rpm -Uvh /home/kivy/initscripts-9.49.47-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
错误：依赖检测失败：
	redhat-release < 7.5-0.11 与 initscripts-9.49.47-1.el7.x86_64 冲突

下载好该版本并尝试升级，得到的反馈是与redhat-release冲突，后者起码是7.5-0.11版本的。我们可以把它删除掉（注意备份），然后换一个centos-release的合适版本，那么哪个版本合适呢？

[root@linuxprobe bin]# yum list centos-release
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
可安装的软件包
centos-release.x86_64                 7-7.1908.0.el7.centos                 base

使用以上命令可以知道，最合适的版本是   centos-release.x86_64                 7-7.1908.0.el7.centos                 base

直接安装会出问题：

 

[root@linuxprobe bin]# rpm -Uvh /home/kivy/centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
	file /etc/os-release from install of centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64
	file /etc/redhat-release from install of centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64
	file /etc/rpm/macros.dist from install of centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64
	file /etc/system-release from install of centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64
	file /etc/system-release-cpe from install of centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64
	file /usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/90-default.preset from install of centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64
[root@linuxprobe bin]# rpm -e redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

 

但是，还是有问题：好几个东西与redhat-release-server-7.0-1.el7.x86_64冲突，没办法删掉（注意备份）。

所以我们要先去阿里云或者其他镜像服务器上下载好，删除redhat-release以后，不重启机器，马上安装centos-release

[root@linuxprobe bin]# rpm -Uvh /home/kivy/centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.cen################################# [100%]
错误：解压压缩文件   在文件/usr/share/doc/redhat-release 失败：cpio: rename 失败 - 是一个目录
错误：centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64: 安裝 已失败

安装时出错！提示“   /usr/share/doc/redhat-release 失败：cpio: rename 失败 - 是一个目录  ”

推测：安装centos-release时，这个redhat-release目录碍事了，所以我们手动把它删除掉（注意备份）。

[root@linuxprobe doc]# rm -r /usr/share/doc/redhat-release 
rm：是否删除目录 "/usr/share/doc/redhat-release"？y
[root@linuxprobe doc]# rpm -Uvh /home/kivy/centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.cen################################# [100%]

这样centos-release就安装好了。然后安装下载好的 initscripts-9.49.47-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 。

[root@linuxprobe doc]# rpm -Uvh /home/kivy/initscripts-9.49.47-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:initscripts-9.49.47-1.el7        ################################# [ 50%]

UPGRADE: Automatically re-enabling default systemd units:
	brandbot.path
	rhel-autorelabel.service
	rhel-autorelabel-mark.service
	rhel-configure.service
	rhel-dmesg.service
	rhel-domainname.service
	rhel-import-state.service
	rhel-loadmodules.service
	rhel-readonly.service

正在清理/删除...
   2:initscripts-9.49.17-1.el7        ################################# [100%]

 

大功告成。