MySQL定时备份脚本（实测可用）

最近需要对某服务的数据库数据进行备份，因此参考网上教程完成数据库备份脚本.
因为服务的使用频率较低，因此设置定时任务，在每天的中午以及午夜时分进行备份操作.

#!/bin/bash
# 设置mysql的登录用户名和密码(根据实际情况填写)
mysql_user="***"
mysql_password="****"
mysql_host="localhost"
mysql_port="31306"
mysql_charset="utf8mb4"

# 备份文件存放地址(根据实际情况填写)
backup_location=/home/data/sql_backup

# 是否删除过期数据
expire_backup_delete="ON"
# 过期时间设置
expire_days=7
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`
backup_dir=$backup_location
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!"

# 判断mysql实例是否正常运行
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
        echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
        exit
else
        echo $welcome_msg
fi

# 备份指定数据库中数据(此处假设数据库是mysql_backup_test)
mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password -B mysql_backup_test> $backup_dir/mysql_backup_test-$backup_time.sql
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag == "0" ];then
        echo "database mysql_backup_test success backup to $backup_dir/mysql_backup_test-$backup_time.sql.gz"
else
        echo "database mysql_backup_test backup fail!"
fi

# 删除过期数据
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a  "$backup_location" != "" ];then
        `find $backup_location/ -type f -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
        echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi

以上是数据库备份脚本.

编辑定时任务:

1.定时执行，不记录log

crontab -e
# 添加定时任务(每天12:50以及23:50执行备份操作)
50 12,23 * * * /home/app/mysql_backup_test_backup.sh

2、定时执行，并记录log

crontab -e
# 添加定时任务(每天12:50以及23:50执行备份操作)
50 12,23 * * * cd /home/app/jinxd/;sh mysql_backup_test_backup.sh >> log.txt 2>>log.txt

查看定时任务：

crontab -l

 

【报错提示】

Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!
/data/mysqlsql.sh: line 30: mysqldump: command not found
mysqldump -uroot -p0000abc! -B tornado> /data/sql_backup/tornado-202007272215.sql
database mysql_backup_test success backup to /data/sql_backup/mysql_backup_test-202007272215.sql.gz
Expired backup data delete complete!

From root@localhost.localdomain  Tue Jul 28 03:08:05 2020
Return-Path: <root@localhost.localdomain>
X-Original-To: root
Delivered-To: root@localhost.localdomain
Received: by localhost.localdomain (Postfix, from userid 0)
        id 36BAB100506B; Tue, 28 Jul 2020 03:08:05 +0800 (CST)
To: root@localhost.localdomain
From: logwatch@localhost.localdomain
Subject: Logwatch for localhost.localdomain (Linux)
Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
Precedence: bulk
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Message-Id: <20200727190805.36BAB100506B@localhost.localdomain>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2020 03:08:04 +0800 (CST)

【问题原因】：环境变量不同，不能直接调取 mysqldump ，需要把 “绝对路径” 加上，可以解决报错

# 查找 mysqldump 的路径
[~] which mysqldump

/app/mysql/bin/mysqldump

例如： 修改 sh

# 报错的语句：

# 备份指定数据库中数据(此处假设数据库是mysql_backup_test)
mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -

# 正确的语句：

# 备份指定数据库中数据(此处假设数据库是mysql_backup_test)
/app/mysql/bin/mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -