Django 报错

6.ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'urllib3' ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'idna' ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'certifi'

底层环境中装有这些，但是我的虚拟环境中没有，会出现报错，同时pip install 这些模块会显示，主要原因是版本问题

Requirement already satisfied: requests in /home/u221080022/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (2.32.2) Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /software/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests) (2.0.4) Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /home/u221080022/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests) (3.7) Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in /home/u221080022/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests) (2.2.1) Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /software/anaconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages (from requests) (2022.12.7)

解决办法：把底层的删除，重新pip install 这些模块

import requests import json import time import random ​ def fetch_data():   url = ""   headers = {       'Accept': '*/*',       'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br, zstd',       'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6',       'Connection': 'keep-alive',       'Content-Length': '81',       'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',       'Cookie': '_webvpn_key=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyIjoiMjIxMDgwMDIyIiwiZ3JvdXBzIjpbMV0sImlhdCI6MTcwOTgxNTU2MiwiZXhwIjoxNzA5OTAxOTYyfQ._zMzNLEsKmjE8tTTzWpjWGi0J-m4Z3KJPCRR_ZG2ShM; webvpn_username=221080022%7C1709815562%7Cda2bf6abae7016bab2373766d240fdf5db433e38; UM_distinctid=18e18f393cdd62-07ea63f58e0739-4c657b58-1b0000-18e18f393cebf6; tfstk=eMwBmsiiceYQxPOH5wsacLipE7k7dy64J3i8mupe2vHpyUEx5Jlz8Wy_Nrrx9L3-J5T8uzRrzurJV0Zq7WyrYu37NVHKZWur84M7qrsNutW4xkDoBZ7V3phSV6kRi3LPakqnEhxwysPTxLTFvjsUSNO6MMqF5QdWE4TFP2_KKfysAfCavVC_zRmIOqELdLpRMDGIkk314rpqllwBNhGDFcgVfGOkZKJlV0Qs9WVI9cma3Gs6-QcKjcgVfGOkZXnibfS1feAl.; hb_MA-B701-2FC93ACD9328_source=entryhz.qiye.163.com; current_page_id=138369; website_id=89905; website_fid=23571; website_fid_login=0; mh_sign=dc9e4eb31ca922f7a0dd7d8748150313; lan=zh; goc=o; zh_choose=n',       'Host': '',       'Origin': '',       'Referer': '',       'Sec-Ch-Ua': '"Chromium";v="124", "Microsoft Edge";v="124", "Not-A.Brand";v="99"',       'Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile': '?0',       'Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform': '"Windows"',       'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty',       'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors',       'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin',       'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/124.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/124.0.0.0',       'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'   }   payload = {       'pageNum': 1,       'pageSize': 10   } ​   try:       # 随机延迟，模拟用户行为       time.sleep(random.uniform(1, 3)) ​       # 发送POST请求       response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(payload)) ​       # 检查响应状态码       response.raise_for_status() ​       # 解析响应内容       data = response.json()       return data ​   except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:       print(f"HTTP请求失败: {e}")       return None   except json.JSONDecodeError:       print("JSON解析错误")       return None ​ # 调用函数并打印结果 result = fetch_data() if result:   print(json.dumps(result, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)) else:   print("请求失败，请稍后重试")

7.requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: ('Connection aborted.', ConnectionResetError(104, 'Connection reset by peer'))

先查看robts.txt
https://www.chinaunicom.com/robots.txt

{'code': 0, 'data': None, 'description': '接口请求错误', 'message': '接口请求错误', 'requestId': '', 'status': 200} [23/May/2024 15:13:41] "GET /news/ HTTP/1.1" 200 156

被反爬虫了，一般伪装一下

去请求表头中，找到这些参数