python文件操作

1. 读取文件内容
   

   import codecs
   #打开文件的几个步骤1.open文件 2.文件操作(读、写) 3.关闭文件
   f = codecs.open('1.txt')
   print (f.read())
   result = f.read()
   result = result.replace('1','A')
   print (result)
   print (type(result))
   print (dir(f))
   f.close()

   
   
2. 写入一个新的文件
   

   import codecs
   #codecs这个模块主要用来解决文件乱码的问题，open(filename,mode)
   #mode有几个参数需要学习：r 读 w 写 b 二进制 a 追加
   f = codecs.open('2.txt','w')
   f.write("hello world!\n")
   f.write("hello 勇敢的心!\n")
   f.write("you are very very very cool!!!\n")
   f.write("we love 大湿兄 lessons!\n")
   f.close()

   
   
3. With的特殊用法
   

   import codecs
   
   with codecs.open('1.txt','rb') as file:
       print (file.read())
       print (file.closed)
   print (file.closed)
   
   with codecs.open('1.txt','rb') as ff:
       for line,value in enumerate(ff):
           print (line,value)
           if line == 4-1:
               print (value)
   import linecache
   count =linecache.getline('1.txt',5)
   print (count)

   
   
4. Codecs的特殊使用
   

   import codecs
   
   file = codecs.open('file3_2.txt','wb')
   print (dir(file))
   print (file.closed)
   file.write('hello world!\n北京欢迎您！\n')
   print file.tell()
   file.writelines(['aaaaaa\n','bbbbbb\n','dddddd\n'])
   file.seek(1)
   file.write('ccccc')
   print file.tell()
   print (file.encoding)
   print(file.mode)
   print (file.name)
   file.close()
   print (file.closed)

   
   
5. 文件操作的常用方法
   

   
   
   
   import codecs
   # readlines()方法用来读取文件内容，文件内容的每一行都是一个字符串，最后返回一个list
   f = codecs.open('2.txt','rb')
   print (type(f))
   print (dir(f))
   text_list = f.readlines()
   print (text_list)
   print (type(text_list))
   print (text_list[0])
   print (f.readlines())
   f.close()
   #readline()方法读取文件一行内容，next()读取文件下一行内容，返回一个字符串 
   f = codecs.open('2.txt','rb')
   print f.readline()
   print f.readline()
   print f.readline()
   print f.readline()
   print f.next()
   f.close()
   # write()必须传入字符串，writelines()必须传入一个序列
   f = open('file3.txt','wb')
   f.write('hello world\n你好，what\'s you name\nhow old are you?\n')
   f.writelines(['你有女朋友了吗？\n','你有房有车吗？\n'])
   f.close()