ABAP动态内标的实现和常见使用方法，问题。

动态内表的创建和使用主要有以下几点：


1.动态内表的创建，首先要定义动态结构，然后再根据定义的动态结构利用系统一个标准的method：”cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table“生成动态内表。


2.动态内表的赋值，遍历动态结构，获取指定的字段，然后给指定的字段赋值。


3.动态内表的读取显示，与赋值相似，遍历动态结构，获取指定的字段，然后读取对应字段的值。


具体实现方法如下所示：


定义：


FIELD-SYMBOLS:<dyn_table> TYPE STANDARD TABLE,


<dyn_wa> TYPE ANY,


<dyn_field> TYPE ANY.


DATA: dy_table TYPE REF TO data,


dy_line  TYPE REF TO data,


it_structure TYPE lvc_t_fcat,


wa_structure TYPE lvc_s_fcat.


实现步骤：


1.PERFORM create_structure." 定义内表的结构


FORM create_structure.


CLEAR it_structure.


DATA:l_pos TYPE i.


l_pos = 5.


wa_structure-fieldname = 'MANUFACTURER'." 第一列名


wa_structure-col_pos = 1.                                 " 表示第1列 ---


wa_structure-ref_table = 'PLAF'.                         ”字段参照的内表名字


wa_structure-ref_field = 'FLIEF'.                         “字段参照的字段名字


APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.


wa_structure-fieldname = 'NAME'.                      " 第二 列名


wa_structure-col_pos = 2.                                 " 表示第2列 ---


wa_structure-ref_table = 'lfa1'.


wa_structure-ref_field = 'NAME1'.


APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.


wa_structure-fieldname = 'DESCRIPTION'.        " 第三列名


wa_structure-col_pos = 3.                                 " 表示第3列 ---


wa_structure-ref_table = 'MAKT'.


wa_structure-ref_field = 'MAKTX'.


APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.


wa_structure-fieldname = 'MM#'.


wa_structure-col_pos = 4.


wa_structure-ref_table = 'MAKT'.


wa_structure-ref_field = 'MATNR'.


APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.


"it_month是根据选择屏幕的起始时间和结束时间得到的两个日期之间的月份，以下遍历所得到的月份并写入结构。


LOOP AT it_month INTO wa_month.


wa_structure-fieldname = wa_month-pedtr.


wa_structure-col_pos = l_pos.


wa_structure-inttype = 'P'.


"wa_structure-intlen  = 7.


APPEND wa_structure TO it_structure.


l_pos = l_pos + 1.


ENDLOOP.


ENDFORM.                    "CREATE_STRUCTURE


2.PERFORM create_dynamic_table." 按照定义的内表结构，产生一个内表


利用系统 的一个标准方法根据结构生成动态内表


FORM create_dynamic_table.


CALL METHOD cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table


EXPORTING


it_fieldcatalog = it_structure


IMPORTING


ep_table        = dy_table.


ASSIGN dy_table->* TO <dyn_table>.


"表类型指针 <dyn_table> 指向 数据对象的内容.


ENDFORM.  " create_dynamic_table


3.PERFORM write_data_to_dyntable." 向动态内表中写数


FORM write_data_to_dyntable .


DATA:wa_new_line TYPE REF TO data.


DATA:l_index2 TYPE i.


CREATE DATA wa_new_line LIKE LINE OF <dyn_table>.


*建立一个与动态内表结构相同的数据对象，且数据对象为是一个结构


ASSIGN wa_new_line->* TO <dyn_wa>." 用<dyn_wa>指针指向该结构


SORT it_plaf_out BY flief matnr .


LOOP AT it_plaf_out INTO wa_plaf_out.


l_index2 = sy-tabix.


LOOP AT it_structure INTO wa_structure.


READ TABLE it_plaf_out INTO wa_plaf_out INDEX l_index2.


IF wa_structure-fieldname = 'MANUFACTURER'.


ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.


" 用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.


<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-flief.             ”给指针指向的字段赋值


ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = 'NAME'.


ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.


<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-name1.


ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = 'DESCRIPTION'.


ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.


<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-maktx.


ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = 'MM#'.


ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.


<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-matnr.


ELSEIF wa_structure-fieldname = wa_plaf_out-pedtr.


ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_field>.


<dyn_field> = wa_plaf_out-gsmng.


ENDIF.


ENDLOOP.


AT END OF matnr.


APPEND <dyn_wa> TO <dyn_table>."将所得到的工作区的值写入内表


CLEAR <dyn_wa>.


ENDAT.


ENDLOOP.


ENDFORM.                    "WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE


PERFORM output_dyntable_data." 从动态内表中取数，并写到屏幕


*  LOOP AT it_structure INTO wa_structure.


*    WRITE: wa_structure-fieldname(5).


*  ENDLOOP.


*  LOOP AT <dyn_table> INTO <dyn_wa>.


*    WRITE: / .


*    LOOP AT it_structure INTO wa_structure.


*      ASSIGN COMPONENT wa_structure-fieldname OF STRUCTURE <dyn_wa>


*       TO <dyn_field>.


**用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.


*      WRITE : <dyn_field>.


*    ENDLOOP.


*  ENDLOOP.


若要通过ALV显示的话。


利用wa_alv_field定义对应结构的ALV，然后即可显示


g_repid = sy-repid.


wa_layout-colwidth_optimize = 'X'.


wa_layout-zebra = 'X'.


"  lt_layout-box_fieldname = 'SEL'.


DATA:l_colpos TYPE i.


l_colpos = 5.


" lit_fcat


wa_alv_field-col_pos = 1.


wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'MANUFACTURER'.


wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'MANUFACTURER'.


wa_alv_field-no_zero = 'X'.


APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.


wa_alv_field-col_pos = 2.


wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'NAME'.


wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'NAME'.


APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.


wa_alv_field-col_pos = 3.


wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'DESCRIPTION'.


wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'DESCRIPTION'.


APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.


wa_alv_field-col_pos = 4.


wa_alv_field-fieldname = 'MM#'.




wa_alv_field-seltext_m = 'MM#'.


wa_alv_field-no_zero = 'X'.


APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.


LOOP AT it_month INTO wa_month.


wa_alv_field-col_pos = l_colpos.


wa_alv_field-fieldname = wa_month-pedtr.


wa_alv_field-seltext_m = wa_month-pedtr.


APPEND wa_alv_field TO lit_fcat.


l_colpos = l_colpos + 1.


ENDLOOP.


CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'


 


关键技巧:


1， 创建动态内表：


a, 动态内表的结构的定义.


动态内表表结构的定义必须使用表结构与 table type: lvc_t_fcat一样的内表.


一般情况下，我们都内表的所有列定义成字符型.


b, 根据表结构生成内表.


系统提供了一个标准的method来产生动态表，使用方法如下:


2， 动态内表的赋值：


a, 获取指定的字段


b, 给指定的字段赋值


3， 读取动态内表的值：


a, 获取指定的字段


b, 读取指定的字段值


 *&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*& Report  YDYN_TEST


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


REPORT  YDYN_TEST.


FIELD-SYMBOLS:<DYN_TABLE> TYPE STANDARD TABLE,


               <DYN_WA>,


               <DYN_FIELD>.


DATA: DY_TABLE TYPE REF TO DATA,


      DY_LINE  TYPE REF TO DATA,


      IT_STRUCTURE TYPE LVC_T_FCAT,


      WA_STRUCTURE TYPE LVC_S_FCAT.


START-OF-SELECTION.


  PERFORM CREATE_STRUCTURE." 定义内表的结构


  PERFORM CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE." 按照定义的内表结构，产生一个内表


  PERFORM WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE." 向动态内表中写数


  PERFORM OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA." 从动态内表中取数，并写到屏幕


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&      Form  CREATE_STRUCTURE


*----------------------------------------------------------------------*


FORM CREATE_STRUCTURE.


  WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME = 'COL1'." 第列名


  WA_STRUCTURE-COL_POS = 1.         " 表示第三列 ---


  WA_STRUCTURE-INTTYPE = 'C'.        " 数据类型


  WA_STRUCTURE-INTLEN  = 6.         " 长度


  APPEND WA_STRUCTURE TO IT_STRUCTURE.


  WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME = 'COL2'." 第 列名


  WA_STRUCTURE-COL_POS = 2.         " 表示第三列 ---


  WA_STRUCTURE-INTTYPE = 'C'.        " 数据类型


  WA_STRUCTURE-INTLEN  = 6.         " 长度


  APPEND WA_STRUCTURE TO IT_STRUCTURE.


  WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME = 'COL3'." 第三列名


  WA_STRUCTURE-COL_POS = 3.         " 表示第三列 ---


  WA_STRUCTURE-INTTYPE = 'C'.        " 数据类型


  WA_STRUCTURE-INTLEN  = 6.         " 长度


  APPEND WA_STRUCTURE TO IT_STRUCTURE.


ENDFORM.                    "CREATE_STRUCTURE


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&      Form  CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE


*----------------------------------------------------------------------*


FORM CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE.


  CALL METHOD CL_ALV_TABLE_CREATE=>CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE


    EXPORTING


      IT_FIELDCATALOG = IT_STRUCTURE


    IMPORTING


      EP_TABLE        = DY_TABLE.


  ASSIGN DY_TABLE->* TO <DYN_TABLE>.


  "表类型指针 <dyn_table> 指向 数据对象的内容.


ENDFORM.  " create_dynamic_table


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&      Form  write_data_to_dyntable


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


FORM WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE .


  DATA:WA_NEW_LINE TYPE REF TO DATA.


  DATA:I TYPE N.


  DATA:J TYPE N.


  CREATE DATA WA_NEW_LINE LIKE LINE OF <DYN_TABLE>.


*建立一个与动态内表结构相同的数据对象，且数据对象为是一个结构


  ASSIGN WA_NEW_LINE->* TO <DYN_WA>." 用<dyn_wa>指针指向该结构


  DO 3 TIMES.


    I = I + 1.


    CLEAR J.


    LOOP AT IT_STRUCTURE INTO WA_STRUCTURE.


      J = J + 1.


      ASSIGN COMPONENT WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME OF STRUCTURE <DYN_WA>


      TO <DYN_FIELD>.


*   " 用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.


      CONCATENATE I J INTO <DYN_FIELD>." 给指针指向的字段赋值


    ENDLOOP.


    APPEND <DYN_WA> TO <DYN_TABLE>.


  ENDDO.


ENDFORM.                    "WRITE_DATA_TO_DYNTABLE


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&      Form  OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA


*----------------------------------------------------------------------*


FORM OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA.


  LOOP AT IT_STRUCTURE INTO WA_STRUCTURE.


    WRITE: WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME(5).


  ENDLOOP.


  LOOP AT <DYN_TABLE> INTO <DYN_WA>.


    WRITE: / .


    LOOP AT IT_STRUCTURE INTO WA_STRUCTURE.


      ASSIGN COMPONENT WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME OF STRUCTURE <DYN_WA>


       TO <DYN_FIELD>.


*用指针<DYN_FIELD>指向工作区<DYN_WA>中的一个字段，字段名为WA_STRUCTURE-FIELDNAME.


      WRITE : <DYN_FIELD>.


    ENDLOOP.


  ENDLOOP.

ENDFORM.                    "OUTPUT_DYNTABLE_DATA

常见问题：