基于dynamic-datasource实现多租户动态切换数据源

一、添加pom配置

 <!-- 动态切换数据源 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
	<artifactId>dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
	<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>

二、添加yaml配置

spring:
    datasource:
        dynamic:
            primary: master #设置默认的数据源或者数据源组,默认值即为master
            strict: false #设置严格模式,默认false不启动. 启动后在未匹配到指定数据源时候回抛出异常,不启动会使用默认数据源.
            datasource:
                # 主库数据源
                master:
                    url: 
                    username: 
                    password: 
                    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
                # 从库数据源
#                slave:
#                    # 从数据源开关/默认关闭
#                    enabled: false
#                    url:
#                    username:
#                    password:

如果想整合druid连接池，可做如下配置

spring:
    autoconfigure:
        exclude: com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure
    datasource:
        dynamic:
            primary: master #设置默认的数据源或者数据源组,默认值即为master
            strict: false #设置严格模式,默认false不启动. 启动后在未匹配到指定数据源时候回抛出异常,不启动会使用默认数据源.
            datasource:
                # 主库数据源
                master:
                    url: 
                    username: 
                    password: 
                    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
                # 从库数据源
#                slave:
#                    # 从数据源开关/默认关闭
#                    enabled: false
#                    url:
#                    username:
#                    password:
            druid:
                # 初始连接数
                initialSize: 5
                # 最小连接池数量
                minIdle: 10
                # 最大连接池数量
                maxActive: 20
                # 配置获取连接等待超时的时间
                maxWait: 60000
                # 配置连接超时时间
                connectTimeout: 30000
                # 配置网络超时时间
                socketTimeout: 60000
                # 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒
                timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
                # 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒
                minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
                # 配置一个连接在池中最大生存的时间，单位是毫秒
                maxEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 900000
                # 配置检测连接是否有效
                validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
                testWhileIdle: true
                testOnBorrow: false
                testOnReturn: false
                webStatFilter:
                    enabled: true
                statViewServlet:
                    enabled: true
                    # 设置白名单，不填则允许所有访问
                    allow:
                    url-pattern: /druid/*
                    # 控制台管理用户名和密码
                    login-username: ruoyi
                    login-password: 123456
                filter:
                    stat:
                        enabled: true
                        # 慢SQL记录
                        log-slow-sql: true
                        slow-sql-millis: 1000
                        merge-sql: true
                    wall:
                        config:
                            multi-statement-allow: true

三、创建数据源表，储存数据源信息

建表语句如下

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_database
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_database`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_database`  (
  `database_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `pool_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '连接池名称',
  `driver_class_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '驱动名',
  `url` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数据库地址',
  `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数据库用户名',
  `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数据库密码',
  PRIMARY KEY (`database_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 3 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

数据源实体类如下

package com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.entity;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringStyle;
import com.ruoyi.common.annotation.Excel;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.BaseEntity;

/**
 * 数据库管理对象 sys_database
 * 
 * @author ruoyi
 * @date 2023-03-01
 */
public class SysDatabase extends BaseEntity
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /** 主键 */
    private Long databaseId;

    /** 连接池名称 */
    @Excel(name = "连接池名称")
    private String poolName;

    /** 驱动名 */
    @Excel(name = "驱动名")
    private String driverClassName;

    /** 数据库地址 */
    @Excel(name = "数据库地址")
    private String url;

    /** 数据库用户名 */
    @Excel(name = "数据库用户名")
    private String username;

    /** 数据库密码 */
    @Excel(name = "数据库密码")
    private String password;

    public void setDatabaseId(Long databaseId) 
    {
        this.databaseId = databaseId;
    }

    public Long getDatabaseId() 
    {
        return databaseId;
    }
    public void setPoolName(String poolName)
    {
        this.poolName = poolName;
    }

    public String getPoolName()
    {
        return poolName;
    }
    public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) 
    {
        this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
    }

    public String getDriverClassName() 
    {
        return driverClassName;
    }
    public void setUrl(String url) 
    {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public String getUrl() 
    {
        return url;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) 
    {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getUsername() 
    {
        return username;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) 
    {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getPassword() 
    {
        return password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return new ToStringBuilder(this,ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE)
            .append("databaseId", getDatabaseId())
            .append("poolName", getPoolName())
            .append("driverClassName", getDriverClassName())
            .append("url", getUrl())
            .append("username", getUsername())
            .append("password", getPassword())
            .toString();
    }
}

四、dynamic-datasource基础操作

（1）查看数据源

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;
@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;
//这是官方示例，直接返回PoolName（就是yaml配置中的数据源名称）的Set
@GetMapping
@ApiOperation("获取当前所有数据源")
public Set<String> now() {
    DynamicRoutingDataSource ds = (DynamicRoutingDataSource) dataSource;
    return ds.getDataSources().keySet();
}

//如果只是想知道具体的数据源，输出查看PoolName即可，如下
public void getDataSources() {
    DynamicRoutingDataSource ds = (DynamicRoutingDataSource) dataSource;
    for (String poolName : ds.getDataSources().keySet()) {
        System.out.println("poolName:" + poolName);
    }
}

（2）添加数据源

import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysDatabaseService;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;

@Autowired
private ISysDatabaseService sysDatabaseService;

@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;

//通用数据源会根据maven中配置的连接池根据顺序依次选择。
//默认的顺序为druid>hikaricp>beecp>dbcp>spring basic
@PostMapping("/add")
@ApiOperation("通用添加数据源（推荐）")
public Set<String> add(@Validated @RequestBody DataSourceDTO dto) {
    DataSourceProperty dataSourceProperty = new DataSourceProperty();
    // 这里主要是将dto的属性赋值给dataSourceProperty
    //所以dataSourceProperty中必要的参数，dto都要提供
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(dto, dataSourceProperty);
    DynamicRoutingDataSource ds = (DynamicRoutingDataSource) dataSource;
    DataSource dataSource = dataSourceCreator.createDataSource(dataSourceProperty);
    // PoolName就是我们yaml配置中说的数据源名称
    ds.addDataSource(dto.getPoolName(), dataSource);
    return ds.getDataSources().keySet();
}

（3）更新数据源

DynamicRoutingDataSource中记录数据源是以map形式，dataSourceMap的k就是poolName，所以如果想要更改poolName对应的数据源，直接覆盖同k的value即可。或者更为保险的做法可以先删除poolName对应的数据源，后续再次添加同名poolName数据源

（4）删除数据源

import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysDatabaseService;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;

@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;

@DeleteMapping
@ApiOperation("删除数据源")
public String remove(String poolName) {
    DynamicRoutingDataSource ds = (DynamicRoutingDataSource) dataSource;
    ds.removeDataSource(poolName);
    return "删除成功";
}

（5）切换数据源

import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;
public static void switchDataSource(String poolName) {
    //需要注意的是手动切换的数据源，最好自己在合适的位置
    //调用DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.clear()清空当前线程的数据源信息。
    DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.clear();
    //切换到对应poolName的数据源
    DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.push(poolName);
}

编写一个拦截器，根据用户，选择对应的数据源

package com.ruoyi.framework.interceptor;

import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.creator.DefaultDataSourceCreator;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DataSourceProperty;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.toolkit.DynamicDataSourceContextHolder;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.entity.SysDatabase;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.entity.SysUser;
import com.ruoyi.common.utils.ShiroUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Objects;

public class DynamicDatasourceInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {
        SysUser sysUser = ShiroUtils.getSysUser(); //获取当前登录用户信息
        if(Objects.nonNull(sysUser) && Objects.nonNull(sysUser.getDatabase())){
            SysDatabase database = sysUser.getDatabase(); //获取用户对应的数据源信息
            DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.push(database.getPoolName()); //切换数据源
            return true;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
    
    }

//    @Override
//    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
//        DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.clear();
//    }
}

将拦截器，注入到spring

package com.ruoyi.framework.config;

import com.ruoyi.framework.interceptor.DynamicDatasourceInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class DynamicDatasourceInterceptorConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        String[] path = {"/system/**"}; // 如果拦截全部可以设置为 /**
        String[] excludePath = {}; // 不需要拦截的接口路径
        DynamicDatasourceInterceptor dynamicDatasourceInterceptor = new DynamicDatasourceInterceptor();

        registry.addInterceptor(dynamicDatasourceInterceptor).addPathPatterns(path).excludePathPatterns(excludePath);
    }

}

五、springboot启动时，加载所有数据源表中的数据源

package com.ruoyi.framework.shiro.service;

import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.creator.DefaultDataSourceCreator;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DataSourceProperty;
import com.ruoyi.common.config.datasource.DynamicDataSourceContextHolder;
import com.ruoyi.common.core.domain.entity.SysDatabase;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.ISysDatabaseService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class InjectionAllDatasourceService {

    public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.class);

    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    private DefaultDataSourceCreator dataSourceCreator;

    @Autowired
    private ISysDatabaseService databaseService;
 
    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){
        log.info("项目启动中，加载用户数据");
        List<SysDatabase> sysDatabases = databaseService.selectSysDatabaseList(new SysDatabase());
        for (SysDatabase database:sysDatabases){
            try {
                DataSourceProperty dataSourceProperty = new DataSourceProperty();
                // 这里主要是将dto的属性赋值给dataSourceProperty
                //所以dataSourceProperty中必要的参数，dto都要提供
                BeanUtils.copyProperties(database, dataSourceProperty);
                DynamicRoutingDataSource ds = (DynamicRoutingDataSource) dataSource;
                DataSource dataSource = dataSourceCreator.createDataSource(dataSourceProperty);
                // PoolName就是我们yaml配置中说的数据源名称
                ds.addDataSource(database.getPoolName(), dataSource);
            } catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }

        log.info("项目启动中，加载用户数据完成");
    }
 
}