代码理解多线程（三）

于 2019-02-20 11:06:37 发布
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分类专栏： 多线程 文章标签： 多线程
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zzqtty/article/details/87709595
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非多线程安全容器ArrayList

package test19218;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Vector;

/**
 * 多线程使用Vector或者HashTable的示例（简单线程同步问题）
 * @author alienware
 */
public class Tickets {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //初始化火车票池并添加火车票:避免线程同步可采用Vector替代ArrayList  HashTable替代HashMap
        
        //final Vector<String> tickets = new Vector<String>();
        
        final List<String> tickets = new ArrayList<String>();
        
        //Map<String, String> map = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, String>());

        for(int i = 1; i<= 1000; i++){
            tickets.add("火车票"+i);
        }
        
//        for (Iterator iterator = tickets.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
//            String string = (String) iterator.next();
//            tickets.remove(20);
//        }
        
        for(int i = 1; i <=10; i ++){
            new Thread("线程"+i){
                public void run(){
                    while(true){
                        if(tickets.isEmpty()) break;
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "---" + tickets.remove(0));
                    }
                }
            }.start();
        }
    }
}

 

 结果：

线程7---火车票1000
线程7---火车票1000
线程9---火车票758
线程4---火车票639

 安全容器

package test19218;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Vector;

/**
 * 多线程使用Vector或者HashTable的示例（简单线程同步问题）
 * @author alienware
 */
public class Tickets {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //初始化火车票池并添加火车票:避免线程同步可采用Vector替代ArrayList  HashTable替代HashMap
        
        final Vector<String> tickets = new Vector<String>();
        
        //final List<String> tickets = new ArrayList<String>();
        
        //Map<String, String> map = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, String>());

        for(int i = 1; i<= 1000; i++){
            tickets.add("火车票"+i);
        }
        
//        for (Iterator iterator = tickets.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) {
//            String string = (String) iterator.next();
//            tickets.remove(20);
//        }
        
        for(int i = 1; i <=10; i ++){
            new Thread("线程"+i){
                public void run(){
                    while(true){
                        if(tickets.isEmpty()) break;
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "---" + tickets.remove(0));
                    }
                }
            }.start();
        }
    }
}

 

 结果：

线程3---火车票998
线程3---火车票999
线程3---火车票1000
线程10---火车票360

 不会有不同线程抢到同一张票！！

 

 多线程开发中，应该选择安全的容器

 

重入锁

package test19218;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @Description
 * @Author zengzhiqiang
 * @Date 2019年2月20日
 */

public class TestTeentrantLock {

	// 定义重入锁
	private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

	// 方法一加锁，并调用方法二
	public void method1() {

		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("now the lock num is :" + lock.getHoldCount());

			// 方法二也加锁
			method2();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}

	}

	// 加锁
	public void method2() {

		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("now the lock num is :" + lock.getHoldCount());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// 实列
		TestTeentrantLock test = new TestTeentrantLock();

		// 启动
		test.method1();

	}

}

 

结果

now the lock num is :1
now the lock num is :2

 说明lock上面加了两把锁

使用

package test19218;

import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class UseReentrantLock {
	
	private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	
	public void method1(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入method1..");
			Thread.sleep(1000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出method1..");
			Thread.sleep(1000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void method2(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入method2..");
			Thread.sleep(2000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出method2..");
			Thread.sleep(1000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		final UseReentrantLock ur = new UseReentrantLock();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				ur.method1();
				ur.method2();
				
			}
		}, "t1");

		t1.start();
		try {
			Thread.sleep(10);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	//	System.out.println(((ReentrantLock) ur.lock).getQueueLength());
	}
	
	
}

 

condition

package test19218;

import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class UseCondition {

	private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
	
	public void method1(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入等待状态..");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "释放锁..");
			condition.await();	// Object wait
			System.out.println("当前线程：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +"继续执行...");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void method2(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入..");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "发出唤醒..");
			condition.signal();		//Object notify
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		final UseCondition uc = new UseCondition();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				uc.method1();
			}
		}, "t1");
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				uc.method2();
			}
		}, "t2");
		t1.start();

		t2.start();
	}
	
	
	
}

 

 结果

当前线程：t1进入等待状态..
当前线程：t1释放锁..
当前线程：t2进入..
当前线程：t2发出唤醒..
当前线程：t1继续执行...

 多condition

package test19218;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class UseManyCondition {

	private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	private Condition c1 = lock.newCondition();
	private Condition c2 = lock.newCondition();
	
	public void m1(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入方法m1等待..");
			c1.await();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "方法m1继续..");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m2(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入方法m2等待..");
			c1.await();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "方法m2继续..");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m3(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入方法m3等待..");
			c2.await();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "方法m3继续..");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m4(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "唤醒..");
			c1.signalAll();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m5(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程：" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "唤醒..");
			c2.signal();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		
		final UseManyCondition umc = new UseManyCondition();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m1();
			}
		},"t1");
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m2();
			}
		},"t2");
		Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m3();
			}
		},"t3");
		Thread t4 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m4();
			}
		},"t4");
		Thread t5 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m5();
			}
		},"t5");
		
		t1.start();	// c1
		t2.start();	// c1
		t3.start();	// c2
		

		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		t4.start();	// c1
		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		t5.start();	// c2
		
	}
	
	
	
}

 

 结果

当前线程：t1进入方法m1等待..
当前线程：t2进入方法m2等待..
当前线程：t3进入方法m3等待..
当前线程：t4唤醒..
当前线程：t1方法m1继续..
当前线程：t2方法m2继续..
当前线程：t5唤醒..
当前线程：t3方法m3继续..

 

 读写锁

package test19218;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock.ReadLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock.WriteLock;

public class UseReentrantReadWriteLock {

	private ReentrantReadWriteLock rwLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
	private ReadLock readLock = rwLock.readLock();
	private WriteLock writeLock = rwLock.writeLock();
	
	public void read(){
		try {
			readLock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入...");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出...");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			readLock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void write(){
		try {
			writeLock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入...");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出...");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			writeLock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		final UseReentrantReadWriteLock urrw = new UseReentrantReadWriteLock();
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.read();
			}
		}, "t1");
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.read();
			}
		}, "t2");
		Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.write();
			}
		}, "t3");
		Thread t4 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.write();
			}
		}, "t4");		
		
		t1.start();
		t2.start();

//		t1.start(); // R
//		t3.start(); // W

//		t3.start();
//		t4.start();
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	}
}

 

 读的锁都可以进入，但是写的锁不能和读同时进入，只有读锁完成后，写锁才能进入

 

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