快速了解Quartz（定时任务框架）

        Quartz主要用来执行定时任务

Quartz主要由3部分组成：

1. JobDetail：任务（需要执行的任务）

2. Trigger：触发器（满足条件触发，触发后调用任务）

3. Scheduler：调度器（将触发器和任务相关联）

Quartz的使用

1. 导入相关依赖

          <!-- Quartz的依赖项 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
              <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
              <version>2.3.0</version>
          </dependency>

2. 创建需要执行的业务逻辑类

   
   /**
   *具体要执行的业务逻辑类，需要实现Job接口
   */
   public class PrintWordsJob implements Job{
   
      @Override
      public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
   
          //设置在控制台上输出的时间
          String format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());
          System.out.println("PrintWordsJob开始于：" + format + "，输出：Hello Job - " + new Random().nextInt(100));
      }
   }

3. 创建Scheduler（调度器）

   public class MyScheduler {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
          //创建调度器Scheduler
          SchedulerFactory SchedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
          Scheduler scheduler = SchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
      }
   }

4. 创建JobDetail（任务）

   public class MyScheduler {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
          //创建调度器Scheduler
          SchedulerFactory SchedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
          Scheduler scheduler = SchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
          //创建任务实例JobDetail，并于PrintWordsJob类绑定
          JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(PrintWordsJob.class)
                  .withIdentity("job1", "group1") //定义任务名称和组名称
                  .build();
      }
   }

5. 创建Trigger（调度器）

   public class MyScheduler {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
          //创建调度器Scheduler
          SchedulerFactory SchedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
          Scheduler scheduler = SchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
          //创建任务实例JobDetail，并于PrintWordsJob类绑定
          JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(PrintWordsJob.class)
                  .withIdentity("job1", "group1")  //定义任务名称和组名称
                  .build();
   
          //定义触发器开始时间
          Date startDate = new Date();
          startDate.setTime(startDate.getTime());
          //定义触发器结束时间
          Date endDate = new Date();
          endDate.setTime(startDate.getTime() + 5000 * 10);
   
          //创建触发器Trigger
          Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                  .withIdentity("trigger1", "triggerGroup1")
                  .startNow() //立即执行
                  .startAt(startDate) //触发器触发后startDate秒开始
                  .endAt(endDate) //触发器开始后endDate秒结束
                  .withSchedule( //指定调度策略
                                  SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule() //调度对象
                                  .withIntervalInSeconds(1) //每隔1s执行一次
                                  .repeatForever()) //永久执行
                  .build();
      }
   }

6. Scheduler执行

   public class MyScheduler {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
          //创建调度器Scheduler
          SchedulerFactory SchedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
          Scheduler scheduler = SchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
          //创建任务实例JobDetail，并于PrintWordsJob类绑定
          JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(PrintWordsJob.class)
                  .withIdentity("job1", "group1")  //定义任务名称和组名称
                  .build();
   
          //定义触发器开始时间
          Date startDate = new Date();
          startDate.setTime(startDate.getTime());
          //定义触发器结束时间
          Date endDate = new Date();
          endDate.setTime(startDate.getTime() + 5000 * 10);
   
          //创建触发器Trigger
          Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                  .withIdentity("trigger1", "triggerGroup1")
                  .startNow() //立即执行
                  .startAt(startDate) //触发器触发后startDate秒开始
                  .endAt(endDate) //触发器开始后endDate秒结束
                  .withSchedule( //指定调度策略
                                  SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule() //调度对象
                                  .withIntervalInSeconds(1) //每隔1s执行一次
                                  .repeatForever()) //永久执行
                  .build();
          //在调度器中安排jobDetail和trigger
          scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
   
          System.out.println("------调度器开始执行------");
          scheduler.start();
      }
   }