WebService、WcfService和WcfRestService数据包的格式总结

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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-06 15:26:47 发布

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分类专栏： 03_ASP.NET 01_C#.NET 文章标签： webservice header soap rest server json

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WebService、WcfService和WcfRestService数据包的格式总结

准备工作：

使用VS 2010分别创建Asp.net WebService工程，WcfService工程，WcfRestService工程（工程模版需要在线下载，名称为“WCF REST Service Template 40(CS)”）和既支持WSDL又支持Rest的WcfService（创建方法会在下篇文章中介绍），然后分别在这四个工程中创建CloneObject接口，其实现如下：

        public List<CompositeType> CloneObject(CompositeType composite)
        {
            if (composite == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("composite");
            }
            List<CompositeType> lst = new List<CompositeType>();
            lst.Add(composite);
            lst.Add(new CompositeType() { BoolValue=composite.BoolValue, StringValue="Clone " + composite.StringValue});
            return lst;
        }

相关类型的定义（注意：在WcfService中需要使用DataContract和DataMember进行接口契约的约定）：

    public class CompositeType
    {
        bool boolValue = true;
        string stringValue = "Hello ";

        public bool BoolValue
        {
            get { return boolValue; }
            set { boolValue = value; }
        }

        public string StringValue
        {
            get { return stringValue; }
            set { stringValue = value; }
        }
    }

工具准备：

1、SmartSniff来抓取网络数据包。

2、RESTClient工具来手工模拟Soap和Rest数据包，下载地址：http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/f/14712254.html?from=like

一、Asp.net WebService的收发格式：

POST /Service1.asmx HTTP/1.1

User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; MS Web Services Client Protocol 2.0.50727.4963)

VsDebuggerCausalityData: uIDPo/kvik7siYRDlyTVRRP2DXgAAAAA1x0n85jS9EKUZEVmdJtUNXyQP/eirp9HqXBHCljHLvsACQAA

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

SOAPAction: "http://tempuri.org/CloneObject"

Host: 192.168.2.249:8081

Content-Length: 383

Expect: 100-continue

Connection: Keep-Alive

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><soap:Body><CloneObject xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><composite><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Hello</StringValue></composite></CloneObject></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Cache-Control: private, max-age=0

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:43:59 GMT

Content-Length: 542

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><soap:Body><CloneObjectResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><CloneObjectResult><CompositeType><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Hello</StringValue></CompositeType><CompositeType><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Clone Hello</StringValue></CompositeType></CloneObjectResult></CloneObjectResponse></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>

小结：

1、把Request Header中的Content-Type去掉，返回“415.0 - Unsupported Media Type”错误。

2、把Request Header中的Content-Type替换为text/json; charset=utf-8,同时把Request Body的内容也替换为json格式，返回“415.0 - Unsupported Media Type”错误。

3、Request Header中的Content-Type和SOAPAction为必须项。

二、WcfService的收发格式：

POST /Service1.svc HTTP/1.1

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

VsDebuggerCausalityData: uIDPozltUZVMCbxJnLU2jDSCQ9gAAAAA5T+R78gzqEmLlNDW+ZxgWRlMOMdmhblGrSJZCBz+nmYACQAA

SOAPAction: "http://tempuri.org/IService1/CloneObject"

Host: 192.168.2.249:8082

Content-Length: 357

Expect: 100-continue

Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><s:Body><CloneObject xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><composite xmlns:a="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/SharpWcfService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><a:BoolValue>true</a:BoolValue><a:StringValue>Hello</a:StringValue></composite></CloneObject></s:Body></s:Envelope>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Content-Length: 532

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:34:56 GMT

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><s:Body><CloneObjectResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><CloneObjectResult xmlns:a="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/SharpWcfService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><a:CompositeType><a:BoolValue>true</a:BoolValue><a:StringValue>Hello</a:StringValue></a:CompositeType><a:CompositeType><a:BoolValue>true</a:BoolValue><a:StringValue>Clone Hello</a:StringValue></a:CompositeType></CloneObjectResult></CloneObjectResponse></s:Body></s:Envelope>

小结：

1、把Request Header中的Content-Type去掉，返回“415.0 - Unsupported Media Type”错误。

2、把Request Header中的Content-Type替换为text/json; charset=utf-8,同时把Request Body的内容也替换为json格式，返回“415.0 - Unsupported Media Type”错误（WebInvoke的RequestFormat和ResponseFormat的设置在此都无效，如何支持json格式？）。

3、Request Header中的Content-Type和SOAPAction为必须项。

三、WcfRestService的收发格式：

POST /Service1/CloneObject HTTP/1.1

Content-Type: text/json; charset=utf-8

Content-Length: 39

Host: 192.168.2.249:8083

Connection: Keep-Alive

User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.0.1 (java 1.5)

Expect: 100-Continue

{"BoolValue":true,"StringValue":"test"}

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Cache-Control: private

Content-Length: 87

Content-Type: text/json; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:57:03 GMT

[{"BoolValue":true,"StringValue":"test"},{"BoolValue":true,"StringValue":"Clone test"}]

改用xml格式请求该WecRestService

POST /Service1/CloneObject HTTP/1.1

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Content-Length: 210

Host: 192.168.2.249:8083

Connection: Keep-Alive

User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.0.1 (java 1.5)

Expect: 100-Continue

<CompositeType xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/SharpWcfRestService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Hello</StringValue></CompositeType>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Cache-Control: private

Content-Length: 351

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 06:01:21 GMT

<ArrayOfCompositeType xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/SharpWcfRestService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><CompositeType><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Hello</StringValue></CompositeType><CompositeType><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Clone Hello</StringValue></CompositeType></ArrayOfCompositeType>

小结：

1、把Request Header中的Content-Type去掉，返回“400 Bad Request”错误。

2、把Request Header中的Content-Type替换为text/json; charset=utf-8,同时把Request Body的内容也替换为json格式，同样能正确的返回结果。

3、Request Header中的Content-Type为必须项。

四、支持RESTful的WcfService的收发格式：

使用VS.NET生成的代理类的访问格式（Soap格式）：

POST /Service1.svc HTTP/1.1

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

VsDebuggerCausalityData: uIDPo37ZghDy+BNMsXzQ+pMEz2cAAAAAimYhgnq7uE2jaYbqWfU0WpBBztReWUBNhPN3rCdqMOcACQAA

SOAPAction: "http://tempuri.org/IService1/CloneObject"

Host: 192.168.2.249:8084

Content-Length: 364

Expect: 100-continue

Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

Connection: Keep-Alive

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><s:Body><CloneObject xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><composite xmlns:a="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/WcfService2RestService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><a:BoolValue>true</a:BoolValue><a:StringValue>Hello</a:StringValue></composite></CloneObject></s:Body></s:Envelope>

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Cache-Control: private

Content-Length: 539

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 06:21:17 GMT

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><s:Body><CloneObjectResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><CloneObjectResult xmlns:a="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/WcfService2RestService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><a:CompositeType><a:BoolValue>true</a:BoolValue><a:StringValue>Hello</a:StringValue></a:CompositeType><a:CompositeType><a:BoolValue>true</a:BoolValue><a:StringValue>Clone Hello</a:StringValue></a:CompositeType></CloneObjectResult></CloneObjectResponse></s:Body></s:Envelope>

使用Rest客户端的请求格式（Rest格式）：

POST /Service1/CloneObject HTTP/1.1

Content-Type: text/json; charset=utf-8

Content-Length: 39

Host: 192.168.2.249:8084

Connection: Keep-Alive

User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.0.1 (java 1.5)

Expect: 100-Continue

{"BoolValue":true,"StringValue":"test"}

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Cache-Control: private

Content-Length: 87

Content-Type: text/json; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 06:27:45 GMT

[{"BoolValue":true,"StringValue":"test"},{"BoolValue":true,"StringValue":"Clone test"}]

Rest客户端（指定Content-Type为xml）

POST /Service1/CloneObject HTTP/1.1

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Content-Length: 212

Host: 192.168.2.249:8084

Connection: Keep-Alive

User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.0.1 (java 1.5)

Expect: 100-Continue

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Cache-Control: private

Content-Length: 352

Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5

X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

Date: Fri, 25 Nov 2011 06:29:57 GMT

<ArrayOfCompositeType xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/WcfService2RestService" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><CompositeType><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>test</StringValue></CompositeType><CompositeType><BoolValue>true</BoolValue><StringValue>Clone test</StringValue></CompositeType></ArrayOfCompositeType>

小结：

1、该服务支持Soap和Rest两种格式访问。

2、Rest格式访问的时候，同时支持XML和JSON格式，Request Header中的Content-Type为必须项。

3、Soap格式访问的时候，Request Header中的Content-Type和SOAPAction为必须项。