android开发之下载文本、音乐文件

今天和大家分享一下在android上怎么下载文件到手机上。

主要有两点大类容：

一，通过Http协议下载文件。

创建一个HttpURLConnection对象

HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
     .openConnection();

 获得一个InputStream对象

inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();

访问网络的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

二，将下载的文件写入SDcard。

得到当前设备的SD卡目录

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()

设置访问SD卡的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

下面给出具体的代码：

DownLoad.java

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.HttpDownloader;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class DownLoad extends Activity {
	private Button textButton;
	private Button audioButton;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		//文本下载
		textButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.textButton);
		textButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				HttpDownloader http = new HttpDownloader();
				//注意这里不要用localhost或者127.0.0.1，会报错的，因为android里是10.0.2.2
				String txt = http
						.download("http://10.0.2.2:8080/examples/123123.txt");
				System.out.println(txt);
			}
		});
		//音频下载
		audioButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.audioButton);
		audioButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				HttpDownloader http = new HttpDownloader();
				String result = http.download(
						"http://10.0.2.2:8080/examples/123.mp3", "/music",
						"zhou.mp3");
				System.out.println(result);
			}
		});

	}
}

FileUtil.java

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import android.os.Environment;

public class FileUtil {
	private String SDCARDPATH;

	public String getSDCARDPATH() {
		return SDCARDPATH;
	}

	public FileUtil() {
		// 得到手机存储器目录---因为各个厂商的手机SDcard可能不一样，最好不要写死了
		SDCARDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";
	}

	/**
	 * 在SDcard上创建文件
	 * 
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return File
	 */
	public File creatSDFile(String fileName) {
		File file = new File(SDCARDPATH + fileName);
		return file;
	}

	/**
	 * 在SDcard上创建目录
	 * 
	 * @param dirName
	 */
	public void createSDDir(String dirName) {
		File file = new File(SDCARDPATH + dirName);
		file.mkdir();
	}

	/**
	 * 判断文件是否存在
	 * 
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean isFileExist(String fileName) {
		File file = new File(SDCARDPATH + fileName);
		return file.exists();
	}

	/**
	 * @param path
	 *            存放目录
	 * @param fileName
	 *            文件名字
	 * @param input
	 *            数据来源
	 * @return
	 */
	public File writeToSDCard(String path, String fileName, InputStream input) {
		File file = null;
		OutputStream output = null;
		try {
			//创建路径
			createSDDir(path);
			//创建文件
			file = creatSDFile(path + fileName);
			output = new FileOutputStream(file);
			//以4K为单位，每次写4k
			byte buffer[] = new byte[4 * 1024];
			while ((input.read(buffer)) != -1) {
				output.write(buffer);
			}
			// 清除缓存
			output.flush();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				// 关闭流
				output.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return file;
	}
}

HttpDownloader.java

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpDownloader {
	private URL url = null;

	/**
	 * 下载文本文件
	 * 
	 * @param urlStr
	 * @return
	 */
	public String download(String urlStr) {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		String line = null;
		BufferedReader buffer = null;
		try {
			buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
					getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr)));
			//一行一行的读取
			while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
				sb.append(line);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				buffer.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}

	/**
	 * @param urlStr
	 *            文件所在的网络地址
	 * @param path
	 *            存储的目录
	 * @param fileName
	 *            存放的文件名
	 * @return 状态
	 */
	public String download(String urlStr, String path, String fileName) {
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			FileUtil fileUtils = new FileUtil();
			//判断文件是否已存在
			if (fileUtils.isFileExist(path + fileName)) {
				return "fileExist";
			} else {
				inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
				File resultFile = fileUtils.writeToSDCard(path, fileName,
						inputStream);
				//如果resultFile==null则下载失败
				if (resultFile == null) {
					return "downloadError";
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			//如果异常了，也下载失败
			e.printStackTrace();
			return "downloadError";
		} finally {
			try {
				//别忘了关闭流
				inputStream.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "downloadOk";

	}

	/**
	 * 连接到网络（ 抽取的公共方法）
	 * 
	 * @param urlStr
	 *            文件所在的网络地址
	 * @return InputStream
	 */
	public InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr) {
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			// 创建一个URL对象
			url = new URL(urlStr);
			// 根据URL对象创建一个HttpURLConnection连接
			HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
					.openConnection();
			// IO流读取数据
			inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return inputStream;
	}

}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="android.apps"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">


    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".DownLoad"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
    <!-- 连接到网络的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <!-- 访问SDcard的权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
</manifest>

希望对大家有帮助。