反射——使用反射获取成员变量，给成员变量赋值或读取

要记住步骤，不要记住代码。因为代码有可能记不住，要明白先获取class对象，然后再获取里面的成员变量，获得到成员变量当然是赋值或者是获取值啦，这样一想不就很通顺了。

依旧是个Student类

public class Student {

    public String name;

    public int age;

    public String gender;

    private int money = 300;


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

 使用反射获取成员变量代码如下

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

public class myfl1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {
//        mothed1();
//        mothed2();
//        mothed3();
        //获取私有的成员变量
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.kerwin.myflect1.myflect11.Student");
        Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("money");
        System.out.println(field);


    }

    private static void mothed3() throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException {
        //返回单个公共成员变量
        // 想要获取的成员变量必须是真实存在的
        //且必须是public修饰的.

        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.kerwin.myflect1.myflect11.Student");
        Field field = clazz.getField("name");
        System.out.println(field);
    }

    private static void mothed2() throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //获取所有的成员变量
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.kerwin.myflect1.myflect11.Student");
        Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println(field);
        }
    }

    //获取所有公共的成员方法
    private static void mothed1() throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //获取class对象
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.kerwin.myflect1.myflect11.Student");
        //获取所有公共成员变量
        Field[] fields = clazz.getFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println(field);
        }
    }
}

赋值-获取值的操作

 代码如下（此处借用某机构代码复用下）

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

/**
 * 利用Field对象,获取值或者修改值
 */

public class ReflectDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {
//        Object get​(Object obj) 返回由该 Field表示的字段在指定对象上的值。
        //method1();

        method2();

    }

    private static void method2() throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        //1.获取class对象
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.itheima.myreflect4.Student");

        //2.获取成员变量Field的对象
        Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("money");

        //3.取消一下访问检查
        field.setAccessible(true);

        //4.调用get方法来获取值
        //4.1创建一个对象
        Student student = (Student) clazz.newInstance();
        //4.2获取指定对象的money的值
        Object o = field.get(student);

        //5.打印一下
        System.out.println(o);
    }

    private static void method1() throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        //        void set​(Object obj, Object value)：给obj对象的成员变量赋值为value
        //1.获取class对象
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.itheima.myreflect4.Student");

        //2.获取name这个Field对象
        Field field = clazz.getField("name");

        //3.利用set方法进行赋值.
        //3.1先创建一个Student对象
        Student student = (Student) clazz.newInstance();
        //3.2有了对象才可以给指定对象进行赋值
        field.set(student,"zhangsan");

        System.out.println(student);
    }
}