《Windows API巡礼》---sendto和recvfrom

sendto函数用于将数据发送到指定的地址：

int sendto(

  __in  SOCKET s, //指定套接字（可能已连接）

  __in  const char *buf, //指向将要发送数据的缓冲区

  __in  int len, //缓冲区大小

  __in  int flags, //指定数据传输方式

  __in  const struct sockaddr *to, //可选的指针，指向存储目标套接字地址信息的sockaddr结构

  __in  int tolen //to参数指向结构的字节大小

);

返回值：

成功时，返回发送的字节数；

失败时，返回SOCKET_ERROR，调用WSAGetLastError函数查看进一步错误信息。

sendto函数实例如下：

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include "winsock2.h"

 

// Link with Ws3_32.lib

 

void main() {

 

  WSADATA wsaData;

  SOCKET SendSocket;

  sockaddr_in RecvAddr;

  int Port = 27015;

  char SendBuf[1024];

  int BufLen = 1024;

 

  //---------------------------------------------

  // Initialize Winsock

  WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);

 

  //---------------------------------------------

  // Create a socket for sending data

  SendSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

 

  //---------------------------------------------

  // Set up the RecvAddr structure with the IP address of

  // the receiver (in this example case "192.168.1.1")

  // and the specified port number.

  RecvAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

  RecvAddr.sin_port = htons(Port);

  RecvAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.1");

 

  //---------------------------------------------

  // Send a datagram to the receiver

  printf("Sending a datagram to the receiver.../n");

  sendto(SendSocket,

    SendBuf,

    BufLen,

    0,

    (SOCKADDR *) &RecvAddr,

    sizeof(RecvAddr));

 

  //---------------------------------------------

  // When the application is finished sending, close the socket.

  printf("Finished sending. Closing socket./n");

  closesocket(SendSocket);

 

  //---------------------------------------------

  // Clean up and quit.

  printf("Exiting./n");

  WSACleanup();

  return;

}

 

recvfrom函数用于接收数据报并存储发送方源地址信息：

int recvfrom(

  __in         SOCKET s, //指定一个绑定的socket

  __out        char *buf, //存放接到的数据的缓冲区

  __in         int len, //缓冲区字节大小

  __in         int flags, //指定传输控制方式

  __out        struct sockaddr *from, //可选的指针，函数成功返回后，

//指向存储源套接字地址信息的sockaddr结构

  __inout_opt  int *fromlen //from的字节大小

);

返回值：

成功时，返回接收的字节数；

失败时，返回SOCKET_ERROR，调用WSAGetLastError函数查看进一步错误信息。

recvfrom函数实例如下：

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include "winsock2.h"

 

void main() {

 

  WSADATA wsaData;

  SOCKET RecvSocket;

  sockaddr_in RecvAddr;

  int Port = 27015;

  char RecvBuf[1024];

  int  BufLen = 1024;

  sockaddr_in SenderAddr;

  int SenderAddrSize = sizeof(SenderAddr);

 

  //-----------------------------------------------

  // Initialize Winsock

  WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);

 

  //-----------------------------------------------

  // Create a receiver socket to receive datagrams

  RecvSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

 

  //-----------------------------------------------

  // Bind the socket to any address and the specified port.

  RecvAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

  RecvAddr.sin_port = htons(Port);

  RecvAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

 

  bind(RecvSocket, (SOCKADDR *) &RecvAddr, sizeof(RecvAddr));

 

  //-----------------------------------------------

  // Call the recvfrom function to receive datagrams

  // on the bound socket.

  printf("Receiving datagrams.../n");

  recvfrom(RecvSocket,

    RecvBuf,

    BufLen,

    0,

    (SOCKADDR *)&SenderAddr,

    &SenderAddrSize);

 

  //-----------------------------------------------

  // Close the socket when finished receiving datagrams

  printf("Finished receiving. Closing socket./n");

  closesocket(RecvSocket);

 

  //-----------------------------------------------

  // Clean up and exit.

  printf("Exiting./n");

  WSACleanup();

  return;

}