BestCoder Round #63 (div.2) HDOJ5568 sequence2(dp + 大数)

sequence2

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/65536 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 231    Accepted Submission(s): 95

Problem Description

Given an integer array  bi  with a length of  n , please tell me how many exactly different increasing subsequences.

P.S. A subsequence  bai(1≤i≤k)  is an increasing subsequence of sequence  bi(1≤i≤n)  if and only if  1≤a1<a2<...<ak≤n  and  ba1<ba2<...<bak .
Two sequences  ai  and  bi  is exactly different if and only if there exist at least one  i  and  ai≠bi .

 

Input

Several test cases(about  5 )

For each cases, first come 2 integers,  n,k(1≤n≤100,1≤k≤n)

Then follows  n  integers  ai(0≤ai≤109)

 

Output

For each cases, please output an integer in a line as the answer.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   3 2
1 2 2
3 2
1 2 3
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   2
3
  
  

 

题目链接:点击打开链接

动态规划题目, dp[i][j]表示序列长度为i序列最后一个数下标为j的个数, 注意要使用大数, 状态转移方程为: dp[i][j] = dp[i][j] + dp[i - 1][k]

AC代码:

#include "iostream"
#include "cstdio"
#include "cstring"
#include "algorithm"
#include "cmath"
#include "utility"
#include "map"
#include "set"
#include "vector"
#include "list"
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int MAXN = 9999;
const int MAXSIZE = 10;
const int DLEN = 4;
class BigNum
{
private:
	int a[500];    //可以控制大数的位数
	int len;       //大数长度
public:
	BigNum(){ len = 1;memset(a,0,sizeof(a)); }   //构造函数
	BigNum(const int);       //将一个int类型的变量转化为大数
	BigNum(const char*);     //将一个字符串类型的变量转化为大数
	BigNum(const BigNum &);  //拷贝构造函数
	BigNum &operator=(const BigNum &);   //重载赋值运算符，大数之间进行赋值运算

	friend istream& operator>>(istream&,  BigNum&);   //重载输入运算符
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,  BigNum&);   //重载输出运算符

	BigNum operator+(const BigNum &) const;   //重载加法运算符，两个大数之间的相加运算
	BigNum operator-(const BigNum &) const;   //重载减法运算符，两个大数之间的相减运算
	BigNum operator*(const BigNum &) const;   //重载乘法运算符，两个大数之间的相乘运算
	BigNum operator/(const int   &) const;    //重载除法运算符，大数对一个整数进行相除运算

	BigNum operator^(const int  &) const;    //大数的n次方运算
	int    operator%(const int  &) const;    //大数对一个int类型的变量进行取模运算
	bool   operator>(const BigNum & T)const;   //大数和另一个大数的大小比较
	bool   operator>(const int & t)const;      //大数和一个int类型的变量的大小比较

	void print();       //输出大数
};
BigNum::BigNum(const int b)     //将一个int类型的变量转化为大数
{
	int c,d = b;
	len = 0;
	memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
	while(d > MAXN)
	{
		c = d - (d / (MAXN + 1)) * (MAXN + 1);
		d = d / (MAXN + 1);
		a[len++] = c;
	}
	a[len++] = d;
}
BigNum::BigNum(const char*s)     //将一个字符串类型的变量转化为大数
{
	int t,k,index,l,i;
	memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
	l=strlen(s);
	len=l/DLEN;
	if(l%DLEN)
		len++;
	index=0;
	for(i=l-1;i>=0;i-=DLEN)
	{
		t=0;
		k=i-DLEN+1;
		if(k<0)
			k=0;
		for(int j=k;j<=i;j++)
			t=t*10+s[j]-'0';
		a[index++]=t;
	}
}
BigNum::BigNum(const BigNum & T) : len(T.len)  //拷贝构造函数
{
	int i;
	memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
	for(i = 0 ; i < len ; i++)
		a[i] = T.a[i];
}
BigNum & BigNum::operator=(const BigNum & n)   //重载赋值运算符，大数之间进行赋值运算
{
	int i;
	len = n.len;
	memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
	for(i = 0 ; i < len ; i++)
		a[i] = n.a[i];
	return *this;
}
istream& operator>>(istream & in,  BigNum & b)   //重载输入运算符
{
	char ch[MAXSIZE*4];
	int i = -1;
	in>>ch;
	int l=strlen(ch);
	int count=0,sum=0;
	for(i=l-1;i>=0;)
	{
		sum = 0;
		int t=1;
		for(int j=0;j<4&&i>=0;j++,i--,t*=10)
		{
			sum+=(ch[i]-'0')*t;
		}
		b.a[count]=sum;
		count++;
	}
	b.len =count++;
	return in;

}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,  BigNum& b)   //重载输出运算符
{
	int i;
	cout << b.a[b.len - 1];
	for(i = b.len - 2 ; i >= 0 ; i--)
	{
		cout.width(DLEN);
		cout.fill('0');
		cout << b.a[i];
	}
	return out;
}

BigNum BigNum::operator+(const BigNum & T) const   //两个大数之间的相加运算
{
	BigNum t(*this);
	int i,big;      //位数
	big = T.len > len ? T.len : len;
	for(i = 0 ; i < big ; i++)
	{
		t.a[i] +=T.a[i];
		if(t.a[i] > MAXN)
		{
			t.a[i + 1]++;
			t.a[i] -=MAXN+1;
		}
	}
	if(t.a[big] != 0)
		t.len = big + 1;
	else
		t.len = big;
	return t;
}
BigNum BigNum::operator-(const BigNum & T) const   //两个大数之间的相减运算
{
	int i,j,big;
	bool flag;
	BigNum t1,t2;
	if(*this>T)
	{
		t1=*this;
		t2=T;
		flag=0;
	}
	else
	{
		t1=T;
		t2=*this;
		flag=1;
	}
	big=t1.len;
	for(i = 0 ; i < big ; i++)
	{
		if(t1.a[i] < t2.a[i])
		{
			j = i + 1;
			while(t1.a[j] == 0)
				j++;
			t1.a[j--]--;
			while(j > i)
				t1.a[j--] += MAXN;
			t1.a[i] += MAXN + 1 - t2.a[i];
		}
		else
			t1.a[i] -= t2.a[i];
	}
	t1.len = big;
	while(t1.a[t1.len - 1] == 0 && t1.len > 1)
	{
		t1.len--;
		big--;
	}
	if(flag)
		t1.a[big-1]=0-t1.a[big-1];
	return t1;
}

BigNum BigNum::operator*(const BigNum & T) const   //两个大数之间的相乘运算
{
	BigNum ret;
	int i,j,up;
	int temp,temp1;
	for(i = 0 ; i < len ; i++)
	{
		up = 0;
		for(j = 0 ; j < T.len ; j++)
		{
			temp = a[i] * T.a[j] + ret.a[i + j] + up;
			if(temp > MAXN)
			{
				temp1 = temp - temp / (MAXN + 1) * (MAXN + 1);
				up = temp / (MAXN + 1);
				ret.a[i + j] = temp1;
			}
			else
			{
				up = 0;
				ret.a[i + j] = temp;
			}
		}
		if(up != 0)
			ret.a[i + j] = up;
	}
	ret.len = i + j;
	while(ret.a[ret.len - 1] == 0 && ret.len > 1)
		ret.len--;
	return ret;
}
BigNum BigNum::operator/(const int & b) const   //大数对一个整数进行相除运算
{
	BigNum ret;
	int i,down = 0;
	for(i = len - 1 ; i >= 0 ; i--)
	{
		ret.a[i] = (a[i] + down * (MAXN + 1)) / b;
		down = a[i] + down * (MAXN + 1) - ret.a[i] * b;
	}
	ret.len = len;
	while(ret.a[ret.len - 1] == 0 && ret.len > 1)
		ret.len--;
	return ret;
}
int BigNum::operator %(const int & b) const    //大数对一个int类型的变量进行取模运算
{
	int i,d=0;
	for (i = len-1; i>=0; i--)
	{
		d = ((d * (MAXN+1))% b + a[i])% b;
	}
	return d;
}
BigNum BigNum::operator^(const int & n) const    //大数的n次方运算
{
	BigNum t,ret(1);
	int i;
	if(n<0)
		exit(-1);
	if(n==0)
		return 1;
	if(n==1)
		return *this;
	int m=n;
	while(m>1)
	{
		t=*this;
		for( i=1;i<<1<=m;i<<=1)
		{
			t=t*t;
		}
		m-=i;
		ret=ret*t;
		if(m==1)
			ret=ret*(*this);
	}
	return ret;
}
bool BigNum::operator>(const BigNum & T) const   //大数和另一个大数的大小比较
{
	int ln;
	if(len > T.len)
		return true;
	else if(len == T.len)
	{
		ln = len - 1;
		while(a[ln] == T.a[ln] && ln >= 0)
			ln--;
		if(ln >= 0 && a[ln] > T.a[ln])
			return true;
		else
			return false;
	}
	else
		return false;
}
bool BigNum::operator >(const int & t) const    //大数和一个int类型的变量的大小比较
{
	BigNum b(t);
	return *this>b;
}

void BigNum::print()    //输出大数
{
	int i;
	cout << a[len - 1];
	for(i = len - 2 ; i >= 0 ; i--)
	{
		cout.width(DLEN);
		cout.fill('0');
		cout << a[i];
	}
	cout << endl;
}

int n, k, a[105];
BigNum dp[105][105];
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	while(scanf("%d%d", &n, &k) != EOF) {
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
			scanf("%d", &a[i]);
		for(int i = 1; i <= k; ++i)
			for(int j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
				dp[i][j] = BigNum(0);
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
			dp[1][i] = BigNum(1);
		for(int i = 2; i <= k; ++i)
			for(int j = 2; j <= n; ++j)
				for(int k = 1; k < j; ++k)
					if(a[j] > a[k]) dp[i][j] = dp[i][j] + dp[i - 1][k];
		BigNum ans = BigNum(0);
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
			ans = ans + dp[k][i];
		ans.print();
	}
	return 0;
}