Java通过串口读取数据例子



下载javax.comm包后才能使用这些类。
// 功能：从串行口COM4中接收数据

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.TooManyListenersException;
import javax.comm.*;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class SimpleReadForm extends JFrame implements Runnable, SerialPortEventListener {

    public SimpleReadForm() {
        initComponents();
    }

    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">
    private void initComponents() {

        messageText = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        OpenButton = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jScrollPane1 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        recText = new javax.swing.JTextArea();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        jLabel1.setText("收到的数据：");

        OpenButton.setText("打开串口");
        OpenButton.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                OpenButtonActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });

        recText.setColumns(20);
        recText.setRows(5);
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView(recText);

        javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
        getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
        layout.setHorizontalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addContainerGap()
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
                    .addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(OpenButton)
                        .addGap(127, 127, 127))
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 331, Short.MAX_VALUE)
                        .addContainerGap())
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jLabel1)
                        .addContainerGap(269, Short.MAX_VALUE))
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(messageText, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 322, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                        .addContainerGap())))
        );
        layout.setVerticalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addGap(8, 8, 8)
                .addComponent(messageText, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                .addComponent(jLabel1)
                .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.UNRELATED)
                .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                .addGap(18, 18, 18)
                .addComponent(OpenButton)
                .addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );

        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>
    private void OpenButtonActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
           
        portList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();
       
        while (portList.hasMoreElements()) {
           
            portId = (CommPortIdentifier) portList.nextElement();
            if (portId.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL) {
                if (portId.getName().equals("COM3")) {       //端口名
                    try {
                        serialPort = (SerialPort) portId.open("ReadComm", 2000);
                        messageText.setText("已打开端口COM3 ,正在接收数据..... ");
                    } catch (PortInUseException e) {
                    }

                   
                    try {
                        serialPort.addEventListener(this);
                    } catch (TooManyListenersException e) {
                    }
                   
                    serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
                } //if end
            } //if end
        } //while end
        readThread = new Thread(this);
        readThread.start(); //线程负责每接收一次数据休眠20秒钟
}

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                new SimpleReadForm().setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
   

    public void run() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(20000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
    } //run() end

   
    public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent event) {
       
        try {
            serialPort.setSerialPortParams(2400, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1, SerialPort.PARITY_NONE);
        } catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException e) {
        }
        byte[] readBuffer = new byte[20];
        int numBytes=0;
        String readStr="";
        try {
            inputStream = serialPort.getInputStream();
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }
        try {
           
            while (inputStream.available() > 0) {
               numBytes = inputStream.read(readBuffer);
            } //while end
            str = new String(readBuffer);
            for(int iii=0;iii<numBytes;iii++){  
              readStr=readStr + Byte.toString(readBuffer[iii]);                 
            }
           
            recText.append(str + "\n");
            recText.append(readStr+"\n");
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }
    }
   
    static CommPortIdentifier portId;
   
    static Enumeration portList;
    InputStream inputStream;
    SerialPort serialPort;
    Thread readThread;
    String str = "";
    // Variables declaration - do not modify
    private javax.swing.JButton OpenButton;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane1;
    private javax.swing.JTextField messageText;
    private javax.swing.JTextArea recText;
    // End of variables declaration
}

PS：很奇怪，第一天调试的时候就是一直没出来，程序就是一直找不到串口，hasMoreElements()一直显示为false。第二天一打开就成功了。后来想了想，原因不外乎有二：一、那天刚安装了USB转串口的驱动，需要JVM找到串口的话也许需要重新启动电脑。二、RP问题。（Orz，其实还是不知道为什么，程序有时候就是这样犯贱。。。）