- 版本信息:
- Linux:3.10
- Android: 4.4
http://blog.csdn.net/u013686019/article/details/53677531
设备休眠后,通过触发唤醒源使设备恢复正常工作模式。设备唤醒源有多种,对于Android设备常见的就有PowerKey、来电唤醒、Alarm唤醒等。
唤醒源的实现处于内核空间,本文重点讨论下PowerKey作为唤醒源的具体实现。
PowerKey唤醒设备的原理,本质其实就是中断。
PowerKey连接到CPU的一个输入(Input)引脚(Pin)上,该Pin运行在中断模式上。一旦
PowerKey按下,引发Pin中断;而该中断具有唤醒CPU的功能,于是设备得以唤醒。
和PowerKey相连的Pin的具体配置位于板级dts文件中,比如
如下
配置:
- arch/arm/boot/dts/xxxxx<span style="font-family:Consolas;">.</span>dts
- power-key {
- /** 是CPU的哪个Pin */
- gpios = <&gpio0 GPIO_A5 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
- /** Key code */
- linux,code = <116>;
- /** 起个名字 */
- label = "power";
- /** 该Pin具有wakeup的功能 */
- gpio-key,wakeup;
- };
着重说下
linux,code = <116>,116怎么来的?
对于键盘,每一个按键都有唯一的编码,在Linux中,编码值位于:
可知,PowerKey的编码也在该文件中,且编码值为116;一旦按下 PowerKey,该值作为键值传到 input_event结构体的code成员变量中:
之后我们会写个Linux应用程序读取code值。
- input.h (kernel\include\uapi\linux)
- /*
- * Keys and buttons
- */
- #define KEY_RESERVED 0
- #define KEY_ESC 1
- #define KEY_BACKSPACE 14
- #define KEY_TAB 15
- #define KEY_POWER 116 /* SC System Power Down */
可知,PowerKey的编码也在该文件中,且编码值为116;一旦按下 PowerKey,该值作为键值传到 input_event结构体的code成员变量中:
- input.h (kernel\include\uapi\linux)
- /*
- * The event structure itself
- */
- struct input_event {
- struct timeval time;
- __u16 type;
- __u16 code;
- __s32 value;
- };
在我的板上,
PowerKey驱动是按照
platform_device注册的,对象:
对象注册:
这里遇到了“新伙伴”:之前驱动注册时调用的是“module_init/module_exit”宏,PowerKey驱动注册用“ module_platform_driver”,什么鬼?看下宏注释:
我们并不需要在
“module_init/module_exit”宏规定的函数中做什么工作,使用这种方式(注册驱动的模版)注册驱动的话就得准备xxx_init/xxx_exit函数,而采用
“module_platform_driver”注册就免去了这些无用功。
(1)驱动从xxx_probe()函数起始,注意代码的注释:
这里完成:
(3) 唤醒源注册
(4)唤醒动作
还记得之前注册的中断处理函数keys_isr?
如果处于休眠态,直接上报唤醒事件(button->state = 1);否则就需要判断按键状态(keys_timer)。
至此,PowerKey作为唤醒源的实现就完成了。
编译、adb push到Android设备中,运行后操作PowerKey,可见Log:
- static struct platform_driver keys_device_driver = {
- .probe = keys_probe,
- .remove = keys_remove,
- .driver = {
- .name = "xxx-keypad",
- .owner = THIS_MODULE,
- .of_match_table = xxx_key_match,
- #ifdef CONFIG_PM
- .pm = &keys_pm_ops,
- #endif
- }
- };
对象注册:
- module_platform_driver(keys_device_driver);
这里遇到了“新伙伴”:之前驱动注册时调用的是“module_init/module_exit”宏,PowerKey驱动注册用“ module_platform_driver”,什么鬼?看下宏注释:
- /* module_platform_driver() - Helper macro for drivers that don't do
- * anything special in module init/exit. This eliminates(清除/淘汰) a lot of
- * boilerplate(样板文件). Each module may only use this macro once, and
- * calling it replaces module_init() and module_exit()
- */
- #define module_platform_driver(__platform_driver) \
- module_driver(__platform_driver, platform_driver_register, \
- platform_driver_unregister)
2、PowerKey驱动实现
贯穿始终的连个结构体:- /**
- * 描述Key具有的属性
- */
- struct xxx_keys_button {
- u32 code; // key code
- const char *desc;//key label
- u32 state; //key up & down state
- int gpio;
- int active_low;
- int wakeup;
- struct timer_list timer;
- };
- /**
- * 驱动属性封装
- */
- struct xxx_keys_drvdata {
- int nbuttons;
- bool in_suspend; /* Flag to indicate if we're suspending/resuming */
- int result;
- struct input_dev *input;
- struct xxx_keys_button button[0];
- };
(1)驱动从xxx_probe()函数起始,注意代码的注释:
- // 省略异常处理代码
- static int keys_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
- {
- struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
- struct device_node *np = pdev->dev.of_node;
- struct xxx_keys_drvdata *ddata = NULL;
- struct input_dev *input = NULL;
- int i, error = 0;
- int wakeup, key_num = 0;
- // 1、of_get_child_count: 获取pin configuration的数目
- key_num = of_get_child_count(np);
- // 2、为xxx_keys_drvdata 分配空间
- ddata = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(struct xxx_keys_drvdata) +
- key_num * sizeof(struct xxx_keys_button), GFP_KERNEL);
- // 3、PowerKey是作为Input设备进行注册的,这里为PowerKey分配Input设备空间
- input = devm_input_allocate_device(dev);
- platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ddata);
- // input->name:设备名字,可以通过cat /sys/class/input/eventX/device/name查看
- input->name = "xxx-keypad";
- input->dev.parent = dev;
- input->id.bustype = BUS_HOST; // 总线类型
- input->id.vendor = 0x0001;
- input->id.product = 0x0001;
- input->id.version = 0x0100;
- ddata->input = input;
- ddata->nbuttons = key_num;
- // 4、解析之前的dts文件
- error = xxx_keys_parse_dt(ddata, pdev);
- struct xxx_keys_button *button = &ddata->button[i];
- // 6、code = 116
- if (button->code){
- setup_timer(&button->timer,
- keys_timer, (unsigned long)button);}
- // 7、解析dts文件的时候赋值,此处非0
- if (button->wakeup)
- wakeup = 1;
- // 8、__set_bit(code, input->keybit); input->keybit: 存放PowerKey键值
- input_set_capability(input, EV_KEY, button->code);
- struct xxx_keys_button *button = &ddata->button[i];
- int irq;
- // 9、->desc:解析dts文件的时候赋值,devm_gpio_request()申请GPIO
- error = devm_gpio_request(dev, button->gpio, button->desc ?: "keys");
- // 10、PowerKey相连的Pin为输入模式
- error = gpio_direction_input(button->gpio);
- // 11、设置为中断Pin并获取中断号irq
- irq = gpio_to_irq(button->gpio);
- /**keys_isr:中断Handler
- * 中断触发方式:IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING下降沿、IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING上升沿
- */
- error = devm_request_irq(dev, irq, keys_isr,
- (button->active_low)?IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING : IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING,
- button->desc ? button->desc : "keys", button);
- }
- // 存放KEY_WAKEUP键值
- input_set_capability(input, EV_KEY, KEY_WAKEUP);
- // 12、wakeup非0则启用唤醒CPU功能
- device_init_wakeup(dev, wakeup);
- // 注册Input驱动
- error = input_register_device(input);
- return error;
- fail2:
- device_init_wakeup(dev, 0);
- fail1:
- while (--i >= 0) {
- del_timer_sync(&ddata->button[i].timer);
- }
- fail0:
- platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
- return error;
- }
- 数据成员空间分配
- 数据成员初始化
- dts文件中PowerKey配置解析
- Input设备驱动注册
- 启用唤醒功能
- 作为唤醒源的中断ISR注册
- // 解析dts文件中PowerKey配置
- static int xxx_keys_parse_dt(struct xxx_keys_drvdata *pdata, struct platform_device *pdev)
- {
- struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
- struct device_node *child_node;
- int ret, gpio, i =0;
- u32 code, flags;;
- if(of_property_read_u32(child_node, "linux,code", &code)) {
- dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Missing linux,code property in the DT.\n");
- ret = -EINVAL;
- goto error_ret;
- }
- pdata->button[i].code = code; // 116
- pdata->button[i].desc = of_get_property(child_node, "label", NULL); // "power"
- gpio = of_get_gpio_flags(child_node, 0, &flags);
- pdata->button[i].gpio = gpio;
- pdata->button[i].active_low = flags & OF_GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW;
- pdata->button[i].wakeup = !!of_get_property(child_node, "gpio-key,wakeup", NULL);
- return 0;
- error_ret:
- return ret;
- }
(3) 唤醒源注册
- wakeup.c (kernel\drivers\base\power)
- /**@dev: Device to handle.
- * @enable: Whether or not to enable @dev as a wakeup device.
- */
- int device_init_wakeup(struct device *dev, bool enable)
- {
- int ret = 0;
- if (enable) {
- // 1、dev->power.can_wakeup = true
- device_set_wakeup_capable(dev, true);
- // 2、Enable given device to be a wakeup source.
- ret = device_wakeup_enable(dev);
- } else {
- device_set_wakeup_capable(dev, false);
- }
- return ret;
- }
(4)唤醒动作
还记得之前注册的中断处理函数keys_isr?
- devm_request_irq(struct device *dev, unsigned int irq, irq_handler_t handler,
- unsigned long irqflags, const char *devname, void *dev_id)
- devm_request_irq(dev, irq, keys_isr,(button->active_low)?IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING : IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING,
- button->desc ? button->desc : "keys", button);
- static irqreturn_t keys_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
- {
- // 1、获取在keys_probe()建立的xxx_keys_drvdata对象数据
- struct xxx_keys_drvdata *pdata = xxx_key_get_drvdata();
- // 2、dev_id即evm_request_irq()的最后一个参数,这里就是我们的PowerKey
- struct xxx_keys_button *button = (struct xxx_keys_button *)dev_id;
- struct input_dev *input = pdata->input;
- // 3、具有休眠唤醒功能且处于休眠模式,
- if(button->wakeup == 1 && pdata->in_suspend == true){
- button->state = 1;
- input_event(input, EV_KEY, button->code, button->state);
- input_sync(input);
- }
- // Timer去抖动
- mod_timer(&button->timer,
- jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(DEFAULT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL));
- return IRQ_HANDLED;
- }
- setup_timer(&button->timer, keys_timer, (unsigned long)button)
- static void keys_timer(unsigned long _data)
- {
- struct xxx_keys_drvdata *pdata = xxx_key_get_drvdata();
- struct xxx_keys_button *button = (struct xxx_keys_button *)_data;
- struct input_dev *input = pdata->input;
- int state;
- state = !!((gpio_get_value(button->gpio) ? 1 : 0) ^ button->active_low);
- if(button->state != state) {
- button->state = state;
- input_event(input, EV_KEY, button->code, button->state);
- input_event(input, EV_KEY, button->code, button->state);
- input_sync(input);
- }
- if(state)
- mod_timer(&button->timer,
- jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(DEFAULT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL));
- }
如果处于休眠态,直接上报唤醒事件(button->state = 1);否则就需要判断按键状态(keys_timer)。
至此,PowerKey作为唤醒源的实现就完成了。
五、PowerKey 事件读取
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <linux/input.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #define DEV_PATH "/dev/input/event2" // PowerKey report event node
- int main(int argc, char **argv)
- {
- int event_fd = -1;
- struct input_event event = {0};
- const size_t read_size = sizeof(struct input_event);
- event_fd = open(DEV_PATH, O_RDONLY);
- if (event_fd <= 0) {
- printf("%s open failed: %s\n", DEV_PATH, strerror(errno));
- return -1;
- }
- while (1) {
- if (read(event_fd, &event, read_size) == read_size) {
- if (event.type == EV_KEY) {
- printf("event code: %d\n", event.code);
- printf("event value: %d\n", event.value);
- } else {
- printf("type != EV_KEY, type: %d\n", event.type);
- }
- }
- usleep(10*1000);
- }
- close(event_fd);
- return 0;
- }
编译、adb push到Android设备中,运行后操作PowerKey,可见Log: