【脚本语言系列】关于Python基础知识异常处理，你需要知道的事

如何使用异常处理

• try,except单个异常

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
try:
    file = open('log.log', 'rb')
except IOError as e:
    print "IOError occured. {}".format(e.args[-1])

IOError occured. No such file or directory
The note always shows up.

• try,except多异常

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
try:
    file = open('log.log', 'rb')
except (IOError, EOFError) as e:
    print "IOError occured. {}".format(e.args[-1])
finally:
    print "The note always shows up."

IOError occured. No such file or directory
The note always shows up.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
try:
    file = open('log.log', 'rb')
except IOError as e:
    print "IOError occured. {}".format(e.args[-1])
    raise e
except EOFError as e:
    print "EOFError occured. {}".format(e.args[-1])    
    raise e
finally:
    print "The note always shows up."

IOError occured. No such file or directory
The note always shows up.



---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IOError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-6-d7ccfce08e95> in <module>()
      4 except IOError as e:
      5     print "IOError occured. {}".format(e.args[-1])
----> 6     raise e
      7 except EOFError as e:
      8     print "EOFError occured. {}".format(e.args[-1])


IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'log.log'

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
try:
    file = open('log.log', 'rb')
except Exception:
    print "Error occured."    
finally:
    print "The note always shows up."
    raise

Error occured.
The note always shows up.



---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IOError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)

<ipython-input-8-8f493882cb97> in <module>()
      1 
      2 try:
----> 3     file = open('log.log', 'rb')
      4 except Exception:
      5     print "Error occured."


IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'log.log'

• finally收尾

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
try: 
    file = open('log.log', 'rb')
except IOError as e:
    print "IOError occurred. {}".format(e.args[-1])
finally:
    print "The note always shows up."

IOError occurred. No such file or directory
The note always shows up.

• try，else正常

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
try:
    print "There is no exception."
except Exception:
    print "Exception."
else:
    print "No Exception at all."
finally:
    print "The note always shows up."

There is no exception.
No Exception at all.
The note always shows up.