Socket的通讯过程
服务器端:
01,申请一个socket
02,绑定到一个IP地址和一个端口上
03,开启侦听,等待接收连接
客户端:
01,申请一个socket
02,连接服务器(指明IP地址和端口号)
服务器端接收到连接请求后,产生一个新的socket(端口大于1024)与客户端建立连接并进行通信,原监听socket继续监听。
Socket的构造函数
Public Socket(AddressFamily addressFamily,SocketType socketType,ProtocolType protocolTYpe)
AddressFamily:指定Socket用来解析地址的寻址方案。例如:InterNetWork指示当Socket使用一个IP版本4地址连接
SocketType:定义要打开的Socket的类型
Socket类使用ProtocolType枚举向Windows Sockets API通知所请求的协议
注意:
1,端口号必须在 1 和 65535之间,最好在1024以后。
2,要连接的远程主机必须正在监听指定端口,也就是说你无法随意连接远程主机。
如:
IPAddress addr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
IPEndPoint endp = new IPEndPoint(addr,,9000);
服务端先绑定:serverWelcomeSocket.Bind(endp)
客户端再连接:clientSocket.Connect(endp)
3,一个Socket一次只能连接一台主机
4,Socket关闭后无法再次使用
5,每个Socket对象只能与一台远程主机连接。如果你想连接到多台远程主机,你必须创建多个Socket对象。
Socket常用类和方法
相关类:
IPAddress:包含了一个IP地址
IPEndPoint:包含了一对IP地址和端口号
方法:
Socket():创建一个Socket
Bind():绑定一个本地的IP和端口号(IPEndPoint)
Listen():让Socket侦听传入的连接吃那个病,并指定侦听队列容量
Connect():初始化与另一个Socket的连接
Accept():接收连接并返回一个新的Socket
Send():输出数据到Socket
Receive():从Socket中读取数据
Close():关闭Socket,销毁连接
Server代码
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
Dictionary<string, Socket> dicSocket = new Dictionary<string, Socket>();
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
}
private void btnListen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(txtIPAdress.Text);
IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, int.Parse(txtPort.Text));
/*AddressFamily.InterNetWork:使用 IP4地址。
SocketType.Stream:支持可靠、双向、基于连接的字节流,而不重复数据。此类型的 Socket 与单个对方主机进行通信,并且在通信开始之前需要远程主机连接。Stream 使用传输控制协议(Tcp) ProtocolType 和 InterNetworkAddressFamily。
ProtocolType.Tcp:使用传输控制协议。
*/
//使用IPv4地址,流式socket方式,tcp协议传递数据
Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
//创建好socket后,必须告诉socket绑定的IP地址和端口号。
//让socket监听point
try
{
//socket监听哪个端口
socket.Bind(point);
//同一个时间点过来10个客户端,排队
socket.Listen(10);
ShowMsg("服务器开始监听");
Thread thread = new Thread(AcceptInfo);
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start(socket);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowMsg(ex.Message);
}
}
void AcceptInfo(object o)
{
Socket socket = o as Socket;
while (true)
{
//通信用socket
try
{
Socket tSocket = socket.Accept();
string point = tSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
//IPEndPoint endPoint = (IPEndPoint)client.RemoteEndPoint;
//string me = Dns.GetHostName();//得到本机名称
//MessageBox.Show(me);
ShowMsg(point + "连接成功!");
cboIpPort.Items.Add(point);
dicSocket.Add(point, tSocket);
//接收消息
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start(tSocket);
}
catch (Exception ex )
{
ShowMsg(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
}
void ReceiveMsg(object o)
{
Socket client = o as Socket;
while (true)
{
//接收客户端发送过来的数据
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
//将接收过来的数据放到buffer中,并返回实际接受数据的长度
int n = client.Receive(buffer);
//将字节转换成字符串
string words = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer,0,n);
ShowMsg(client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + words);
}
}
void ShowMsg(string msg)
{
txtLog.AppendText(msg + "\r\n");
}
private void btnSendMsg_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
ShowMsg(txtMsg.Text);
string ip = cboIpPort.Text;
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtMsg.Text);
dicSocket[ip].Send(buffer);
// client.Send(buffer);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowMsg(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
}
Client代码
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
Socket client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(txtIPAddress.Text);
IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, int.Parse(txtPort.Text));
try
{
//连接到服务器
client.Connect(point);
ShowMsg("连接成功");
ShowMsg("服务器" + client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
ShowMsg("客户端" + client.LocalEndPoint.ToString());
//连接成功后,就可以接收服务器发送的信息了
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowMsg(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
//接收服务器消息
void ReceiveMsg() {
while (true)
{
try
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
int n = client.Receive(buffer);
string s = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer);
ShowMsg(client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + s);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowMsg(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
}
void ShowMsg(string msg)
{
txtLog.AppendText(msg + "\r\n");
}
private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (client!=null)
{
try
{
ShowMsg(txtMsg.Text);
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtMsg.Text);
client.Send(buffer);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowMsg(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
}
}