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炮兵
看到这样的标题……估计N多人会说我是逗比…………因为很多盆友在学习Android（特别是从4.0之后开始入门的）的时候都会常看见或听到别人说我们更新UI呢要在UI线程（或者说主线程）中去更新UI，不要在子线程中更新UI，而Android官方呢也建议我们不要在非UI线程直接更新UI，为什么呢？借助Android官方的一句话来说就是：
“The Android UI toolkit is not thread-safe and the view must always be manipulated on the UI thread.”
因此，很多童鞋会有这么一个惯性思维：在非UI线程中不能更新UI！既然Android不建议我们这么做，那其必定会对我们在code时做一些限制，比如当我们尝试运行如下代码时：
/**
* 主界面
*
* @author Aige {@link http://blog.csdn.net/aigestudio}
* @since 2014/11/17
*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView tvText;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tvText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.main_tv);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
tvText.setText("OtherThread");
}
}).start();
}
}<!-- http://blog.csdn.net/aigestudio -->
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:background="#ffffff"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/main_tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>android.view.ViewRootImpl$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.
这句话非常简单，而且……我相信每个做Android开发到一定时间的盆友都碰到过，Android通过检查我们当前的线程是否为UI线程从而抛出一个自定义的AndroidRuntimeException来提醒我们“Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views”并强制终止程序运行，具体的实现在ViewRootImpl类的checkThread方法中：
@SuppressWarnings({"EmptyCatchBlock", "PointlessBooleanExpression"})
public final class ViewRootImpl implements ViewParent,
View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, HardwareRenderer.HardwareDrawCallbacks {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
void checkThread() {
if (mThread != Thread.currentThread()) {
throw new CalledFromWrongThreadException(
"Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.");
}
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}- 究竟TM到底能不能在非UI线程中更新UI呢？答案：能、当然可以
- View的运行和Activity的生命周期有什么必然联系吗？答案：没有、或者隐晦地说没有必然联系
- 除了Handler外是否还有更简便的方式在非UI线程更新UI呢？答案：有、而且还不少
OK，这里我们再来看一下上面的一段代码，在线程中我调用了Thread.sleep(200);来让我们的匿名线程暂停了200ms，如果……假如……我们去掉它的话……………………会发生什么？来试试：
/**
* 主界面
*
* @author Aige {@link http://blog.csdn.net/aigestudio}
* @since 2014/11/17
*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView tvText;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tvText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.main_tv);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
tvText.setText("OtherThread");
}
}).start();
}
}
也就是说一旦我们尝试去对我们的控件进行生成，这些方法其中一个必然会被调用，这时候很多朋友就会蛋疼了…………但是，请不要被checkThread方法的思维所束缚，这时候你该扩大你的思维范畴，既然checkThread方法属于ViewRootImpl的成员方法，那么会不会是此时我们的ViewRootImpl根本就没被创建呢？怀着这个出发点，我们再度审视ActivtyThread调度Activity生命周期的各个环节，首先看看performLaunchActivity方法中的处理：
public final class ActivityThread {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo;
// 省去对packageInfo的逻辑处理
// 省去对ComponentName的逻辑处理
Activity activity = null;
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
// 通过Instrumentation对象生成Activity类的实例
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
// 省去三行代码…………
} catch (Exception e) {
// 省去对异常的捕获处理
}
try {
Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);
// 省去多行无关代码
if (activity != null) {
Context appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r, activity);
CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration);
// 省去多行无关代码
if (customIntent != null) {
activity.mIntent = customIntent;
}
r.lastNonConfigurationInstances = null;
activity.mStartedActivity = false;
int theme = r.activityInfo.getThemeResource();
if (theme != 0) {
activity.setTheme(theme);
}
/*
* 调用callActivityOnCreate方法处理Create逻辑
*/
activity.mCalled = false;
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);
if (!activity.mCalled) {
// 省去多行无关代码
}
r.activity = activity;
r.stopped = true;
/*
* 调用performStart方法处理Start逻辑
*/
if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
activity.performStart();
r.stopped = false;
}
// 省去多行无关代码
}
// 省去两行无关代码
} catch (SuperNotCalledException e) {
// 省去对异常的捕获处理
} catch (Exception e) {
// 省去对异常的捕获处理
}
return activity;
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public class Instrumentation {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle) {
// 省去某些逻辑……
activity.performCreate(icicle);
// 省去某些逻辑……
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public class Activity extends ContextThemeWrapper
implements LayoutInflater.Factory2,
Window.Callback, KeyEvent.Callback,
OnCreateContextMenuListener, ComponentCallbacks2 {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
final void performCreate(Bundle icicle) {
onCreate(icicle);
mVisibleFromClient = !mWindow.getWindowStyle().getBoolean(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowNoDisplay, false);
mFragments.dispatchActivityCreated();
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public class Activity extends ContextThemeWrapper
implements LayoutInflater.Factory2,
Window.Callback, KeyEvent.Callback,
OnCreateContextMenuListener, ComponentCallbacks2 {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
final void performStart() {
mFragments.noteStateNotSaved();
mCalled = false;
mFragments.execPendingActions();
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnStart(this);
if (!mCalled) {
throw new SuperNotCalledException(
"Activity " + mComponent.toShortString() +
" did not call through to super.onStart()");
}
mFragments.dispatchStart();
if (mAllLoaderManagers != null) {
final int N = mAllLoaderManagers.size();
LoaderManagerImpl loaders[] = new LoaderManagerImpl[N];
for (int i=N-1; i>=0; i--) {
loaders[i] = mAllLoaderManagers.valueAt(i);
}
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
LoaderManagerImpl lm = loaders[i];
lm.finishRetain();
lm.doReportStart();
}
}
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public class Instrumentation {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
public void callActivityOnStart(Activity activity) {
activity.onStart();
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public final class ActivityThread {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
final void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token, boolean clearHide, boolean isForward,
boolean reallyResume) {
unscheduleGcIdler();
ActivityClientRecord r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide);
if (r != null) {
final Activity a = r.activity;
// 省去无关代码…………
final int forwardBit = isForward ?
WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION : 0;
boolean willBeVisible = !a.mStartedActivity;
if (!willBeVisible) {
try {
willBeVisible = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().willActivityBeVisible(
a.getActivityToken());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}
if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) {
r.window = r.activity.getWindow();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
a.mDecor = decor;
l.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;
l.softInputMode |= forwardBit;
if (a.mVisibleFromClient) {
a.mWindowAdded = true;
wm.addView(decor, l);
}
} else if (!willBeVisible) {
// 省去无关代码…………
r.hideForNow = true;
}
cleanUpPendingRemoveWindows(r);
if (!r.activity.mFinished && willBeVisible
&& r.activity.mDecor != null && !r.hideForNow) {
if (r.newConfig != null) {
// 省去无关代码…………
performConfigurationChanged(r.activity, r.newConfig);
freeTextLayoutCachesIfNeeded(r.activity.mCurrentConfig.diff(r.newConfig));
r.newConfig = null;
}
// 省去无关代码…………
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
if ((l.softInputMode
& WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION)
!= forwardBit) {
l.softInputMode = (l.softInputMode
& (~WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION))
| forwardBit;
if (r.activity.mVisibleFromClient) {
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
wm.updateViewLayout(decor, l);
}
}
r.activity.mVisibleFromServer = true;
mNumVisibleActivities++;
if (r.activity.mVisibleFromClient) {
r.activity.makeVisible();
}
}
if (!r.onlyLocalRequest) {
r.nextIdle = mNewActivities;
mNewActivities = r;
// 省去无关代码…………
Looper.myQueue().addIdleHandler(new Idler());
}
r.onlyLocalRequest = false;
// 省去与ActivityManager的通信处理
} else {
// 省略异常发生时对Activity的处理逻辑
}
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public class Activity extends ContextThemeWrapper
implements LayoutInflater.Factory2,
Window.Callback, KeyEvent.Callback,
OnCreateContextMenuListener, ComponentCallbacks2 {
// 省去海量代码…………………………
void makeVisible() {
if (!mWindowAdded) {
ViewManager wm = getWindowManager();
wm.addView(mDecor, getWindow().getAttributes());
mWindowAdded = true;
}
mDecor.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
// 省去巨量代码……………………
}public final class WindowManagerGlobal {
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params,
Display display, Window parentWindow) {
// 省去很多代码
ViewRootImpl root;
// 省去一行代码
synchronized (mLock) {
// 省去无关代码
root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext(), display);
// 省去一行代码
// 省去一行代码
mRoots.add(root);
// 省去一行代码
}
// 省去部分代码
}
}/**
* 主界面
*
* @author Aige {@link http://blog.csdn.net/aigestudio}
* @since 2014/11/17
*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView tvText;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tvText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.main_tv);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
tvText.setText("OtherThread");
}
}).start();
}
}
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