数据结构与算法系列---二叉树

二叉树的代码实现及操作:

#include  < malloc.h >

#define   OK     1
#define   ERROR  0
#define   OVERFLOW -2
#define   TURE   1
#define   FALSE  0

#define   QMAXSIZE  20

typedef  int  TElemType;
typedef  struct  BiTNode
... {
    TElemType data;
    int flag;
    struct BiTNode *lchild,*rchild;
} BiTNode, * BiTree;

// 创建一棵二叉树
int  CreateTree(BiTree  & T)
... {
    int ch;
    printf("input a char:");
    scanf("%d",&ch);
    if(ch==0)
        T=NULL;
    else
    ...{
        T=(BiTree)malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
        if(!T)
            return ERROR;
        T->data=ch;
        CreateTree(T->lchild);
        CreateTree(T->rchild);
    }
    return OK;
}
// 创建二叉树的数组
int  TreeArray[ 15 ] = ... {1,2,3,0,0,4,5,0,6,0,0,7,0,0,0} ;
// 计数
int  counter = 0 ;
// 由数组创建一棵二叉树
BiTree DefaultCreate()
... {
    int ch=TreeArray[counter++];
    BiTree root;
    if(ch==0)
        root=NULL;
    else
    ...{
        root=(BiTree)malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
        if(!root)
            return ERROR;
        root->data=ch;
        root->lchild=DefaultCreate();
        root->rchild=DefaultCreate();
    }
    return root;
}
// 创建一棵二叉树
BiTree CreateBiTree()
... {
    int ch;
    BiTree root;
    printf("input a char:");
    scanf("%d",&ch);
    if(ch==0)
        root=NULL;
    else
    ...{
        root=(BiTree)malloc(sizeof(BiTNode));
        if(!root)
            return ERROR;
        root->data=ch;
        root->lchild=CreateBiTree();
        root->rchild=CreateBiTree();
    }
    return root;
}
// 先序遍历(递归算法)
void  PreOrderTraverse(BiTree T)
... {
    if(T!=NULL)
    ...{
        printf("%d ,",T->data);
        PreOrderTraverse(T->lchild);
        PreOrderTraverse(T->rchild);
    }
}
// 先序遍历(非递归算法)
void  PreOrderTraverse2(BiTree T)
... {
    BiTree Q[20];
    BiTree p=T;
    int top=-1;
    while(p||top>-1)
    ...{
        while(p)
        ...{
            printf("%d, ",p->data);
            Q[++top]=p;
            p=p->lchild;
        }
        if(top>-1)
        ...{
            p=Q[top--];
            p=p->rchild;
        }
    }
}
// 中序遍历二叉树(递归算法)
void  InOrderTraverse(BiTree T)
... {
    if(T)
    ...{
        InOrderTraverse(T->lchild);
        printf("%d ,",T->data);
        InOrderTraverse(T->rchild);
    }
}
// 中序遍历(非递归算法)
void  InOrderTraverse2(BiTree T)
... {
    BiTree Q[20];
    BiTree p=T;
    int top=-1;
    while(p||top>-1)
    ...{
        while(p)
        ...{
            Q[++top]=p;
            p=p->lchild;
        }
        if(top>-1)
        ...{
            p=Q[top--];
            printf("%d, ",p->data);
            p=p->rchild;
        }
    }
}
// 后序遍历二叉树(递归算法)
void  PostOrderTraverse(BiTree T)
... {
    if(T)
    ...{
        PostOrderTraverse(T->lchild);
        PostOrderTraverse(T->rchild);
        printf("%d ,",T->data);
    }
}
// 后序遍历(非递归算法)
void  PostOrderTraverse2(BiTree T)
... {
    int flag[20];
    BiTree Q[20],p=T;
    int top=-1;
    while(p||top>-1)
    ...{
        while(p)
        ...{
            Q[++top]=p;
            flag[top]=0;
            p=p->lchild;
        }
        if(top>-1)
        ...{
            if(flag[top]==0&&Q[top]->rchild)
            ...{
                flag[top]=1;
                p=Q[top]->rchild;
            }
            else
            ...{
                printf("%d, ",Q[top]->data);
                top--;
            }
        }
    }
}
// 广度优先遍历
void  BFTraverse(BiTree T)
... {
    BiTree Q[QMAXSIZE],p=T;
    int front=0,rear=0;
    Q[rear++]=p;
    while(front!=rear)
    ...{
        p=Q[front];
        front=(front+1)%QMAXSIZE;
        printf("%d, ",p->data);
        if(p->lchild)
        ...{
            Q[rear]=p->lchild;
            rear=(rear+1)%QMAXSIZE;
        }
        if(p->rchild)
        ...{
            Q[rear]=p->rchild;
            rear=(rear+1)%QMAXSIZE;
        }
    }
}
/**/ /*返回x的所有父节点(利用了后序遍历)*/
void  BiTLink_Ancestor2(BiTree T, int  x)
... {
    BiTree stack[20];
    BiTNode *q=T;
    int top=-1,i;
    while(1)
    ...{
        while(q)
        ...{
            ++top;
            stack[top]=q;
            stack[top]->flag=0;
            q=q->lchild;
        }
        if(top==-1)
            return;
        if(stack[top]->flag==0&&stack[top]->rchild)
        ...{
            stack[top]->flag=1;
            q=stack[top]->rchild;
        }
        else
        ...{
            if(stack[top]->data==x)
            ...{
                i=0;
                while(i<top)
                ...{
                    printf("%d, ",stack[i]->data);
                    i++;
                }
                return;
            }
            top--;
        }
    }
}
// 交换左右结点(递归算法)
void  BiTree_ExchangeNode(BiTree T)
... {
    BiTNode *p;
    if(T)
    ...{
        p=T->lchild;
        T->lchild=T->rchild;
        T->rchild=p;
        BiTree_ExchangeNode(T->lchild);
        BiTree_ExchangeNode(T->rchild);
    }
}
int  main( int  argc, char   * argv[])
... {
    BiTree root=NULL;
//    CreateTree(root);
//    root=CreateBiTree();
    
    root=DefaultCreate();

    printf("preorder is: ");
    PreOrderTraverse(root);
    PreOrderTraverse2(root);

    printf("  inorder is: ");
    InOrderTraverse(root);
    InOrderTraverse2(root);



    printf("  post order is: ");
    PostOrderTraverse(root);
    PostOrderTraverse2(root);
    

    return OK;
}