在omnet++上仿真无线传感网络3

上一节中，网络中添加了50个node。这这node就是mixim框架中的host802154_2400Mhz结点。在design模式下，双击网络中的node结点，进入host802154_2400Mhz模块的design视图。

从图中可以看出，这是一个复合模块，它是由一些简单模块（simple module）组成。上图node包含了无线网络仿真所需的应用层、网络层、物理层以及电池等简单模块（simple module）。

module Host802154_2400MHz extends WirelessNodeBatteryPlusTran
{
    parameters:
        int numHosts; // total number of hosts in the network

        applicationType = default("SensorApplLayer");
        transportType   = default("Aggregation");
        nicType         = default("Nic802154_TI_CC2420");  //type of used nic
        arpType         = default("org.mixim.modules.netw.ArpHost");

        batteryStats.detail = default(false);
        batteryStats.timeSeries = default(false);

        battery.nominal = default(1000 mAh);
        battery.capacity = default(battery.nominal);
        battery.voltage = default(3 V);
        battery.resolution = default(60 s);
        battery.publishDelta = default(1);
        battery.publishTime = default(battery.resolution);
        battery.numDevices = default(1);
}

这一节主要分析一下最上层的应用层（APPlayer）。上图中appl图标代表的模块。

simple SensorApplLayer like IBaseApplLayer
{
    parameters:
        bool debug = default(false); // debug switch
        bool stats = default(true);   // stats generation switch
        bool trace = default(false);  // activates detailed logging (per source latencies and vector logging). stats must be true.
        bool broadcastPackets = default(false); // send packets in broadcast mode
        double nbPackets = default(0);
        int destAddr = default(0);
        string trafficType = default("periodic");  	// Can be one of: periodic, uniform or exponential
        double trafficParam @unit(s) = default(1 s);			// the mean time between two packets
        double initializationTime @unit(s) = default(1 min); // minimum time before generation of the first packet，一分钟之后才会产生第一个数据包
        int headerLength @unit(byte) = default(2 byte);
        bool notAffectedByHostState = default(true);
    gates:
        input lowerLayerIn; // from network layer
        input lowerControlIn;
        output lowerLayerOut; // to network layer
        output lowerControlOut;
}

应用层的主要任务是周期性地产生流量包，最终转发到sink结点上。这些功能由上面定义的simple模块实现。参数nbpackets代表产生数据包的个数，默认值为0,。参数destaddr代表数据包的目的地址，默认0。参数traffictype表示数据产生的周期类型，periodic值表示固定周期。参数headerlength代表数据包的大小，默认2字节。在仿真的时候这些参数可以在omnetpp.ini文件中从新赋值，仿真以omnetpp.ini文件为准。例如：

**.node[0].appl.nbPackets = 0
**.node[*].appl.nbPackets = 10 #产生10个数据包
**.node[*].appl.destAddr = 0   #目的结点0
**.node[*].appl.trafficType = "periodic" #产生数据包时间间隔固定为periodic
**.node[*].appl.trafficParam = 30 s  # each node sends 1 packet every 30 seconds 
**.node[*].appl.initializationTime = 30 s #30s后产生第一个数据包
**.node[*].appl.headerLength = 50 byte    #数据包大小50字节

下面是applayer层发送数据包的源码：

void SensorApplLayer::sendData() {
	ApplPkt *pkt = new ApplPkt("Data", DATA_MESSAGE);

	if(broadcastPackets) {
		pkt->setDestAddr(LAddress::L3BROADCAST);
	} else {
		pkt->setDestAddr(destAddr);
	}
	pkt->setSrcAddr(myAppAddr);
	pkt->setByteLength(headerLength);
	// set the control info to tell the network layer the layer 3 address
	NetwControlInfo::setControlInfo(pkt, pkt->getDestAddr());
	debugEV<< "Sending data packet!\n";
	sendDown(pkt);
	nbPacketsSent++;
	packet.setPacketSent(true);
	packet.setNbPacketsSent(1);
	packet.setNbPacketsReceived(0);
	packet.setHost(myAppAddr);
	emit(BaseLayer::catPacketSignal, &packet);
	sentPackets++;
	scheduleNextPacket();
}

	ApplPkt *pkt = new ApplPkt("Data", DATA_MESSAGE);

	if(broadcastPackets) {
		pkt->setDestAddr(LAddress::L3BROADCAST);
	} else {
		pkt->setDestAddr(destAddr);
	}

生成数据包以及设置数据包的目的地址。broadcastpackets在sensorapplayer.ned文件中定义为FALSE，destAddr定义为0，即0号node是sink结点。

sendDown(pkt);

将数据包向下发送到网络层

下面是周期性产生流量的方法：

void SensorApplLayer::scheduleNextPacket() {
	if (nbPackets > sentPackets && trafficType != 0) { // We must generate packets

		simtime_t waitTime = SIMTIME_ZERO;

		switch (trafficType) {
		case PERIODIC:
			waitTime = trafficParam;
			debugEV<< "Periodic traffic, waitTime=" << waitTime << endl;
			break;
		case UNIFORM:
			waitTime = uniform(0, trafficParam);
			debugEV << "Uniform traffic, waitTime=" << waitTime << endl;
			break;
		case EXPONENTIAL:
			waitTime = exponential(trafficParam);
			debugEV << "Exponential traffic, waitTime=" << waitTime << endl;
			break;
		case UNKNOWN:
		default:
			EV <<
			"Cannot generate requested traffic type (unimplemented or unknown)."

			<< endl;
			return; // don not schedule
			break;
		}
		debugEV << "Start timer for a new packet in " << waitTime << " seconds." <<
		endl;
		scheduleAt(simTime() + waitTime, delayTimer);
		debugEV << "...timer rescheduled." << endl;
	} else {
		debugEV << "All packets sent.\n";
	}
}

		switch (trafficType) {
		case PERIODIC:
			waitTime = trafficParam;

traffictype是流量类型。有四种可能，其中PERIODIC表示固定时间间隔，故产生流量的时间间隔waittime=固定值trafficparam。