scala 随笔（6）apply 解析和构造类

首先说明apple的用法

当定义一个类，但是没有采用new 类时就是默认调用了apply 如：

   
   
class ApplyTest(val name:String ) {
  println("right you are good :" + name)
}
object ApplyTest{
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val applyTest = new ApplyTest("Tom ");
    val applyTest2 = ApplyTest("Jim")
  }
  def apply(key: String): String = {
    println("come on :"+ key)
    "you are here"
  }
}

apply 必须定义在object 对象里面。

如果没有new 则会自动调用apply 方法

输出结果如下：

right you are good :Tom 

come on :Jim

Process finished with exit code 0

比如 val x= List("d","v","a")

这个就是调用了Apply方法，List定义的源代码如下：

   
   
  override def apply[A](xs: A*): List[A] = xs.toList

因为List是一个抽象的，被sealed 定义的所以只有Apply这个唯一的通道。不能new 不能继承，不是实现。（参考 scala 随笔（5） sealed 解析）

回到最开始的问题，如果在new 对象的时候有异常怎么办。代码如下：

   
   
class ApplyTest2 {
  class ApplyTest(val name:String ) {
    if(name.endsWith("jim")){
      throw new Exception("you should enter a name end with jim")
    }
    println("right you are good :" + name)
  }
  object ApplyTest{
    def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
      val applyTest = new ApplyTest("Tom ");
      val applyTest2 = ApplyTest("Jim")
      val x = List("A","b")
    }
    def apply(key: String): String = {
      println("come on :"+ key)
      "you are here"
    }
  }
}

因为抛出一个异常，放入apple里面。然后可以进行一步动作。比如换种方式再new 一次

   
   
class ApplyTest2(val name :String) {
    if(!name.endsWith("jim")){
      throw new Exception("you should enter a name end with jim")
    }
    println("right you are good :" + name)
}
object ApplyTest2{
    def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
      val applyTest2 = ApplyTest2("tom")
    }
    def apply(key: String) = {
      try{
        new ApplyTest2(key)
      }catch {
        case e: Exception
          => "you are wrong " + e.printStackTrace()
        case _:Any
          => "you are wrong too"
      }
    }
}