OpenCV学习笔记（6）基于 VC+OpenCV+DirectShow 的多个摄像头同步工作

因项目需要采集2个摄像头的数据进行双目检测，一开始采用以下代码来测试：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <cv.h>
#include <cxcore.h>
#include <highgui.h>

int main(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    CvCapture* capture1 = cvCreateCameraCapture( 0 );
    CvCapture* capture2 = cvCreateCameraCapture( 1 );

    double w = 320, h = 240;
    cvSetCaptureProperty ( capture1, CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH,  w );  
    cvSetCaptureProperty ( capture1, CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT, h );
    cvSetCaptureProperty ( capture2, CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH,  w );  
    cvSetCaptureProperty ( capture2, CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT, h );

    cvNamedWindow( "Camera_1", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
    cvNamedWindow( "Camera_2", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );

    IplImage* frame1;
    IplImage* frame2;

    int n = 2;
    while(1)
    {
        frame1 = cvQueryFrame( capture1 );
        if( !frame1 ) break;
        cvShowImage( "Camera_1", frame1 );

        frame2 = cvQueryFrame( capture2 );
        if( !frame2 ) break;
        cvShowImage( "Camera_2", frame2 );

        int key = cvWaitKey(30);
        if( key == 27 ) break;
    }
    cvReleaseCapture( &capture1 );
    cvReleaseCapture( &capture2 );
    cvDestroyWindow( "Camera_1" );
    cvDestroyWindow( "Camera_2" );

    return 0;
}

这个程序在使用不同类型的摄像头时，例如我使用一个普通的网络摄像头，另外一个是手机上的摄像头（这款手机具有网络摄像头功能），这样的话程序就能正常运行；但如果摄像头是相同类型时，就只能读取其中一个摄像头的数据了，第二个窗口则是一片灰色。查阅开发文档资料得知 cvCreateCameraCapture(int index) 函数可以选择摄像头，但实际测试发现 cvCreateCameraCapture 只接受 –1 和 0 两种参数，其他值，如1,2,101,102,201,202...全都无法正确的切换到第二个接入的摄像头。如果两个 capture 都使用 cvCreateCameraCapture(-1)，是可以切换到第二个摄像头，但当第二次执行 cvCreateCameraCapture() 函数时，会强行弹出选择摄像头的对话框要你手动选择，而且以后再添加摄像头的话，还得修改代码重新build，实际项目中肯定不能这样处理。在OpenCV中文论坛上找到的解释是，如果摄像头的名称是“USB视频设备 #*”，则 OpenCV  只能读取其中一个的数据。

查阅opencv的cvcam官方文档，找到一些资料：

/*
Begin work with cvcam, you can select single or multiple cameras in 2 ways. 
The first is using a camera selection dialog with cvcamSelectCamera. See an example below: 
*/ 

//Prototype 
/*
Pops up a camera(s) selection dialog 
Return value - number of cameras selected (0,1 or 2); 
Argument: an array of selected cameras numbers 
NULL if none selected. Should be released with free() when not needed. 
if NULL passed, not used. 
*/ 
CVCAM_API int cvcamSelectCamera(int** out); 
Function ThatSelectsCamera() 
{ 
 int* out; 
 int nselected = cvcamSelectCamera(&out); 
 if(nselected>0) 
    printf("the 1-st selected camera is camera number %d", out[0]); 
 if(nselected == 2) 
    printf("the 2-nd selected camera is camera number %d", out[1]); 
 free(out); 
 return; 
} 

/*
Note: if you don’t need selected cameras numbers, simply call cvcamSelectCamera(NULL) 
Note2: Linux version of cvcam currently has no implementation of cvcamSelectCamera. 
*/

//The second, non-dialog way is to use CVCAM_PROP_ENABLE property like this:

int desiredcamera