基于注解的SPRINGMVC+FREEMARKER环境搭建

1. 首先用IDE建一个web工程。(这个就不详细介绍了) 
   
2. 引入响应的jar包 
   
3. web.xml
   <? xml version="1.0"  ?>
   < web-app  xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
       version ="3.0" >
        <!--   Spring 服务层的配置文件  -->
        < context-param >
            < param-name > contextConfigLocation </ param-name >
            < param-value > classpath:applicationContext.xml </ param-value >
        </ context-param >
       
        <!--   Spring 容器启动监听器  -->
        < listener >
            < listener-class > org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
            </ listener-class >
        </ listener >
   
        < servlet >
            < servlet-name > springmvc </ servlet-name >
            < servlet-class > org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
            </ servlet-class >
            < load-on-startup > 1 </ load-on-startup >
        </ servlet >
        <!-- 为DispatcherServlet建立映射  -->
        < servlet-mapping >
            < servlet-name > springmvc </ servlet-name >
            < url-pattern > / </ url-pattern >
        </ servlet-mapping >
   </ web-app >
   
   
4. SpringMVC另外一个重要的配置文件。 
   DispatcherServlet会根绝web.xml中配置的<servlet-name>去找<servlet-name>-servlet.xml的文件来加载spring的一些配置信息。我这里就应该取名叫springmvc-servlet.xml
   <? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   < beans 
        xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
       xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
       xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd" >
       
        <!-- 对web包中的所有类进行扫描，以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能  -->
        < context:component-scan  base-package ="com.liba.spring.mvc" />
       
        <!--  启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射   请求映射 -->
        < bean  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"   />
       
            <!-- 以下三种视图配置根据需要任选一种即可  -->
   
        <!--   一般的视图配置  -->
        <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" 
           p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp"/> -->
       
        <!--  针对freemarker的视图配置  -->
        < bean  id ="viewResolver"
           class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver" >
            < property  name ="cache"  value ="true"   />
            < property  name ="prefix"  value =""   />
            < property  name ="suffix"  value =".ftl"   />
            < property  name ="contentType"  value ="text/html;charset=UTF-8" ></ property >
            < property  name ="requestContextAttribute"  value ="request"   />
            < property  name ="exposeSpringMacroHelpers"  value ="true"   />
            < property  name ="exposeRequestAttributes"  value ="true"   />
            < property  name ="exposeSessionAttributes"  value ="true"   />
        </ bean >
           
           
        <!--  View resolvers can also be configured with ResourceBundles or XML files. 
           If you need different view resolving based on Locale, you have to use the 
           resource bundle resolver.  -->
        <!--  这个是针对返回视图还是json值的视图配置   来分别处理同步和异步请求  -->
        <!-- <bean
               class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
               <property name="mediaTypes">
                   <map>
                       <entry key="html" value="text/html" />
                       <entry key="json" value="application/json" />
                   </map>
               </property>
               <property name="favorParameter" value="true" />
               <property name="viewResolvers">
                   <list>
                       <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver" />
                       <bean id="viewResolver"
                           class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
                           <property name="cache" value="true" />
                           <property name="prefix" value="" />
                           <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />
                           <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>
                           <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request" />
                           <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />
                           <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />
                           <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />
                       </bean>
                   </list>
               </property>
               <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html" />
           </bean>
            -->
   </ beans >
   
   
5. 如果是使用freemarker最为视图模板需要再spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml中加入以下配置
   < bean  id ="freemarkerConfig"
           class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer" >
            < property  name ="templateLoaderPath"  value ="/WEB-INF/view/"   />
            < property  name ="freemarkerSettings" >
                < props >
                    < prop  key ="template_update_delay" > 0 </ prop >
                    < prop  key ="default_encoding" > UTF-8 </ prop >
                    < prop  key ="number_format" > 0.########## </ prop >
                    < prop  key ="datetime_format" > yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss </ prop >
                    < prop  key ="classic_compatible" > true </ prop >
                    < prop  key ="template_exception_handler" > ignore </ prop >
                </ props >
            </ property >
        </ bean >
   
   
6. Controller建立
   import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
   
   import  org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
   import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
   import  org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
   import  org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
   
   @Controller
   public   class  SpringMvcController  {
   
       @RequestMapping(value="/welcome",method={RequestMethod.GET}) 
       public ModelAndView getFirstPage(HttpServletRequest request) {
                   //welcom就是视图的名称（welcom.ftl）
           ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("welcom");
           mv.addObject("name", "My First Spring Mvc");
           return mv;
       }
   }
   在url上敲http://localhost:8080/welcome就会到WEB-INF/view/welcom.ftl页面渲染数据
   
7. welcom.ftl页面
   <! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >
   < html >
   < head >
   < meta  http-equiv ="Content-Type"  content ="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" >
   < title > Insert title here </ title >
   </ head >
   < body >
   Hello ${name}
   </ body >
   </ html >
   
   页面出来的效果： 
   
   Hello My First Spring Mvc