MFC中操纵控件
操作控件的两种方式:
方式1 通过调用CWnd::GetDlgItem()函数,根据控件ID获取控件对象指针,操作控件即可。
对话框的初始化函数:OnInitDialog()
方式2 对话框的数据交换技术(DDX)
将控件和一个成员变量绑定,可以通过操作成员变量达到操作控件的目的。
1 定义与控件绑定的成员变量
2 在对话框中添加DoDataExchange()函数,在函数中完成控件
与变量的绑定。
DDX_Control()//控件类型的绑定
DDX_Text()//值类型的绑定
3 通过成员变量完成对控件的操作
4 值类型的绑定,还需要调用UpdateData(BOOL)函数
UpdateData(TRUE)- 控件中的值传赋值变量(接收)
UpdateData(FALSE)-将变量的值显示到控件上
新建一个Win32 Application,选择A Simple Win32 Application,修改stdafx.h 中的windwos.h为afxwin.h,工程属性设置使用MFC静态库
编写如下测试代码
-
-
-
- #include "stdafx.h"
- #include "resource.h"
- class CMyDlg : public CDialog
- {
- public:
- CMyDlg ():CDialog(IDD_DIALOG1){}
- virtual void DoDataExchange (CDataExchange* pDX);
- virtual BOOL OnInitDialog ();
- virtual void OnOK();
- protected:
- CButton m_wndOK;
- CString m_strEdit;
- };
- void CMyDlg::DoDataExchange (CDataExchange* pDX)
- {
-
- DDX_Control (pDX, IDOK, m_wndOK);
- DDX_Text (pDX, IDC_EDIT1, m_strEdit);
- }
- BOOL CMyDlg::OnInitDialog ()
- {
- if (!CDialog::OnInitDialog())
- return FALSE;
-
-
- CWnd *pWnd = GetDlgItem (IDCANCEL);
- pWnd->EnableWindow (FALSE);
- m_wndOK.MoveWindow (0, 0, 100, 100);
- m_wndOK.SetWindowText ("DDXOK");
-
-
- m_strEdit = "Hello you";
- UpdateData (FALSE);
- return TRUE;
- }
- void CMyDlg::OnOK ()
- {
-
- UpdateData (TRUE);
- AfxMessageBox (m_strEdit);
- CDialog::OnOK();
- }
- class CMyWinApp : public CWinApp
- {
- public:
- virtual BOOL InitInstance ();
- };
- CMyWinApp theApp;
- BOOL CMyWinApp::InitInstance ()
- {
- CMyDlg dlg;
- m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
- dlg.DoModal ();
- return TRUE;
- }
DDX的实现原理
1 控件类型的绑定
- DDX_Control (pDX, IDOK, m_wndOK);
跟进:
- void AFXAPI DDX_Control(CDataExchange* pDX, int nIDC, CWnd& rControl)
- {
- ...................................
-
- HWND hWndCtrl = pDX->PrepareCtrl(nIDC);
-
- if (!rControl.SubclassWindow(hWndCtrl))
- {
- ..........................................
- }
- }
- DDX_Control-->SubclassWindow
跟进:
- BOOL CWnd::SubclassWindow(HWND hWnd)
- {
-
- if (!Attach(hWnd))
- return FALSE;
- ...............................................
- }
- DDX_Control-->SubclassWindow-->Attach
跟进:
- BOOL CWnd::Attach(HWND hWndNew)
- {
- ......................................
- CHandleMap* pMap = afxMapHWND(TRUE);
- ASSERT(pMap != NULL);
-
- pMap->SetPermanent(m_hWnd = hWndNew, this);
- ........................................
- }
- DDX_Control-->SubclassWindow-->Attach-->SetPermanent
跟进:
- void CHandleMap::SetPermanent(HANDLE h, CObject* permOb)
- {
- .......................................
-
- m_permanentMap[(LPVOID)h] = permOb;
- .........................................
- }
Ok到这里就清晰了
总结流程如下:
- DDX_Control(pDX,IDOK,m_wndOK);
- {
-
- HWND hWndCtrl = pDX->PrepareCtrl(nIDC);
-
- rControl.SubclassWindow(hWndCtrl);
- {
- Attach(hWnd);
- {
- pMap->SetPermanent(m_hWnd = hWndNew, this);
- {
-
- m_permanentMap[(LPVOID)h] = permOb;
- }
- }
- }
- }
2 值类型的绑定
跟进:
- BOOL CWnd::UpdateData(BOOL bSaveAndValidate)
- {
- .............................................
-
- CDataExchange dx(this, bSaveAndValidate);
-
- ..........................................
-
- DoDataExchange(&dx);
- ........................................
- }
- UpdateData-->DoDataExchange-->CMyDlg::DoDataExchange-->DDX_Text
跟进:
- void AFXAPI DDX_Text(CDataExchange* pDX, int nIDC, CString& value)
- {
-
- HWND hWndCtrl = pDX->PrepareEditCtrl(nIDC);
- if (pDX->m_bSaveAndValidate)
- {
- int nLen = ::GetWindowTextLength(hWndCtrl);
-
- ::GetWindowText(hWndCtrl, value.GetBufferSetLength(nLen), nLen+1);
- value.ReleaseBuffer();
- }
- else
- {
-
- AfxSetWindowText(hWndCtrl, value);
- }
- }
总结上面的流程如下:
- UpdateData(FALSE);
- {
- CDataExchange dx(this, bSaveAndValidate);
- DoDataExchange(&dx);
- {
- DDX_Text(pDX,IDC_EDIT1,m_strEdit);
- {
-
- HWND hWndCtrl = pDX->PrepareEditCtrl(nIDC);
- if (pDX->m_bSaveAndValidate)
- {
-
- ::GetWindowText(hWndCtrl,...);
- value.ReleaseBuffer();
- }
- else
- {
-
- AfxSetWindowText(hWndCtrl, value);
- }
-
- }
- }
- }