两个小时精通Android开发之界面篇

作者：孙东风 2010-01-07（转载务必注明出处）

 

 

笔者最近需要移植一个J2ME的项目到Android平台上，所以抽空研究了一下Android平台的接口规范。

 

Android平台除了在一些接口上采用了和J2ME不一样的名称之外，基本的接口内容还是一样的，那么移植J2ME到Android平台最方便的方法就是利用Android平台的接口重写J2ME的接口，本着这个思路笔者写了一个Wrap包，利用这个Wrap包，基本上J2ME程序不用修改，只需要重新导入一下重写后的Graphics、Image等类，就可以无缝的运行在Android平台上，所以笔者题目中所说的“两个小时精通Android”的前提是先精通J2ME。

 

既然要重写J2ME下的这些接口，那么就要先了解Android和J2ME平台到底有哪些不同，然后重写这部分不同的接口即可。

 

Ø         Font类

Android平台里不再提供J2ME下面的Font类，而是以Typeface代替，这为读者提供了更多的选择空间，因为Typeface是可以自定义的，但是为了无缝移植J2ME程序到Android平台上，笔者封装了以个类似于J2ME平台下的Font类，如下：

 

import android.graphics.Typeface;

 

public class Font {

         public static final int STYLE_PLAIN = 0;

         public static final int STYLE_BOLD = 1;

         public static final int STYLE_ITALIC = 2;

         public static final int STYLE_UNDERLINED = 4;

         public static final int SIZE_SMALL = 22;

         public static final int SIZE_MEDIUM = 31;

         public static final int SIZE_LARGE = 40;

         public static final int FACE_SYSTEM = 0;

 

         private int face;

         private int style;

         private int size;

         private int baseline;

        

         private int width;

         private int height;

        

         public void setWidth(int width)

         {

                   this.width = size;

         }

        

         public void setHeight(int height)

         {

                   this.height = height;

         }

        

         public int getWidth()

         {

                   return size;

         }

        

         public int getHeight()

         {

                   return height;

         }

        

         private Typeface iTypeface = Typeface.DEFAULT;

        

         public Typeface getTypeface()

         {

                   return iTypeface;

         }

        

         public void setSize(int fontSize)

         {

                   size = fontSize;

         }

        

         public int getSize()

         {

                   return size;

         }

 

         private static final Font DEFAULT_FONT = new Font(null,22);

        

         public Font(Typeface aTypeface,int aSize)

         {

                   if(iTypeface != null)

                            iTypeface = aTypeface;

                   size = aSize;

         }

 

         public static Font getFont(int fontSepcifier)

         {

                   switch(fontSepcifier)

                   {

                   case SIZE_SMALL:

                            return new Font(null,22);

                   case SIZE_MEDIUM:

                            return new Font(null,31);

                   case SIZE_LARGE:

                            return new Font(null,40);

                   }

                  

                   return DEFAULT_FONT;

         }

 

         public static Font getDefaultFont()

         {

                   return DEFAULT_FONT;

         }

 

         public static Font getFont(int face,int style,int size)

         {

                   switch(style)

                   {

                   case STYLE_PLAIN:

                            return new Font(Typeface.defaultFromStyle(Typeface.NORMAL),size);

                   case STYLE_BOLD:

                            return new Font(Typeface.defaultFromStyle(Typeface.BOLD),size);

                   case STYLE_ITALIC:

                            return new Font(Typeface.defaultFromStyle(Typeface.ITALIC),size);

                   }

                  

                   return DEFAULT_FONT;

         }

 

         public int charWidth(char arg)

         {

                   return size;

         }

 

         public int stringWidth(String arg)

         {

                   return size*(arg.length());

         }

}

 

Ø         Graphics类

Android平台下不再提供Graphics类进行“视图上下文”的控制，而是以Canvas、Paint联合进行控制，笔者封装的Graphics类如下：

 

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.graphics.Rect;

import android.graphics.RectF;

import android.graphics.Paint.Align;

import android.graphics.Paint.FontMetrics;

import android.graphics.Paint.Style;

 

public class Graphics {

        

         public static final int HCENTER = 1;

         public static final int VCENTER = 2;

         public static final int LEFT = 4;

         public static final int RIGHT = 8;

         public static final int TOP = 16;

         public static final int BOTTOM = 32;

         public static final int BASELINE = 64;

         public static final int SOLID = 0;

         public static final int DOTTED = 1;

        

         private Bitmap bitmap;

         private Canvas canvas;

         private Paint paint;

         private Rect clip;         

         private Font font;

 

         public Graphics(Bitmap bitmap) {

                   this.bitmap = bitmap;

                   this.canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

                   this.canvas.clipRect(0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight());

                   this.canvas.save(Canvas.CLIP_SAVE_FLAG);

                   this.paint = new Paint();

                   this.clip = canvas.getClipBounds();

         }

        

         public void setAlign(int align)

         {

                   if(LEFT == align

                                     ||(Graphics.LEFT | Graphics.TOP) == align

                                     ||(Graphics.LEFT | Graphics.BOTTOM) == align)

                   {

                            paint.setTextAlign(Align.LEFT);

                   }else if(HCENTER == align

                                     ||(Graphics.HCENTER|Graphics.TOP) == align)

                   {

                            paint.setTextAlign(Align.CENTER);

                   }else if(RIGHT == align

                                     ||(Graphics.RIGHT | Graphics.TOP) == align)

                   {

                            paint.setTextAlign(Align.RIGHT);

                   }

         }

        

         public void fillRoundRect(int x,int y,int width,int height,int arcWidth,int arcHeight)

         {

                   paint.setStyle(Style.FILL);

                   canvas.drawRoundRect(new RectF(x,y,x+width,y+height), arcWidth, arcHeight, paint);

         }

        

         public void drawRoundRect(int x,int y,int width,int height,int arcWidth,int arcHeight)

         {

                   paint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);

                   canvas.drawRoundRect(new RectF(x,y,x+width,y+height), arcWidth, arcHeight, paint);

         }

        

         public void fillTriangle(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int x3,int y3)

         {

                   paint.setStyle(Style.FILL);

                   canvas.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, paint);

                   canvas.drawLine(x2, y2, x3, y3, paint);

                   canvas.drawLine(x3, y3, x1, y1, paint);

         }

        

         public void setFont(Font font)

         {

                   paint.setTypeface(font.getTypeface());

                   paint.setTextSize(font.getSize());

                  

                   FontMetrics fontMetrics = paint.getFontMetrics();

                   float height = fontMetrics.bottom-fontMetrics.top;

                   font.setHeight((int)height);

         }

        

         public void fillArc(int x,int y,int width,int height,int startAngle,int arcAngle)

         {

                   paint.setStyle(Style.FILL);

                   canvas.drawArc(new RectF(x,y,width,height), startAngle, arcAngle, true, paint);

         }

        

         public void drawArc(int x,int y,int width,int height,int startAngle,int arcAngle)

         {

                   paint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);

                   canvas.drawArc(new RectF(x,y,width,height), startAngle, arcAngle, true, paint);

         }

        

         public Font getFont()

         {

                   return font;

         }

 

         public void setAntiAlias(boolean flag) {

                   paint.setAntiAlias(flag);

         }

 

         public void setAlphaValue(int alpha) {

                   paint.setAlpha(alpha);

         }

 

         public void setAlpha(float alpha) {

                   setAlphaValue((int) (255 * alpha));

         }

        

         public void translate(int x,int y)

         {

                   canvas.translate(x,y);

         }

 

         public void setColor(int rgb) {

                   paint.setColor(rgb);

         }

        

         public void setColor(int r,int g,int b) {

                   int argb = (0xff000000)+(r<<16)+(g<<8)+b;

                   paint.setColor(argb);

         }

 

         public void drawImage(Image img, int x, int y) {

                   canvas.drawBitmap(img.getBitmap(), x, y, paint);

         }

 

         public void drawImage(Image img, int x, int y,int align) {

                   setAlign(align);

                   drawImage(img, x, y);

         }

        

         public void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {

                   if (x1 > x2) {

                            x1++;

                   } else {

                            x2++;

                   }

                   if (y1 > y2) {

                            y1++;

                   } else {

                            y2++;

                   }

                   canvas.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, paint);

         }

 

         public void drawRect(int x, int y, int width, int height) {

                   paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);

                   canvas.drawRect(x, y, x + width, y + height, paint);

         }

 

         public void drawString(String str, int x, int y) {

                   canvas.drawText(str, x, y, paint);

         }

        

        

         public void drawString(String str, int x, int y,int align) {

                   setAlign(align);

                   canvas.drawText(str, x, y, paint);

         }

 

         public void drawClear() {

                   paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);

                   canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK);

         }

 

         public void fillRect(int x, int y, int width, int height) {

                   paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);

                   canvas.drawRect(x, y, x + width, y + height, paint);

         }

 

         public int getClipHeight() {

                   return clip.bottom - clip.top;

         }

 

         public int getClipWidth() {

                   return clip.right - clip.left;

         }

 

         public int getClipX() {

                   return clip.left;

         }

 

         public int getClipY() {

                   return clip.top;

         }

 

         public int getColor() {

                   return paint.getColor();

         }

 

         public void dispose() {

                   paint = null;

                   canvas = null;

         }

 

         public void clearRect(int x, int y, int width, int height) {

                   canvas.clipRect(x, y, x + width, y + height);

                   canvas.drawARGB(0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff);

         }

 

         public void copyArea(int x, int y, int width, int height, int dx, int dy) {

                   if (x < 0) {

                            width += x;

                            x = 0;

                   }

                   if (y < 0) {

                            height += y;

                            y = 0;

                   }

                   if (x + width > bitmap.getWidth()) {

                            width = bitmap.getWidth() - x;

                   }

                   if (y + height > bitmap.getHeight()) {

                            height = bitmap.getHeight() - y;

                   }

                   Bitmap copy = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, x, y, width, height);

                   canvas.drawBitmap(copy, x + dx, y + dy, null);

         }

 

         public void clipRect(int x, int y, int width, int height) {

                   canvas.clipRect(x, y, x + width, y + height);

                   clip = canvas.getClipBounds();

         }

 

         public void setClip(int x, int y, int width, int height) {

                   if (x == clip.left && x + width == clip.right && y == clip.top

                                     && y + height == clip.bottom) {

                            return;

                   }

                   if (x < clip.left || x + width > clip.right || y < clip.top

                                     || y + height > clip.bottom) {

                            canvas.restore();

                            canvas.save(Canvas.CLIP_SAVE_FLAG);

                   }

                   clip.left = x;

                   clip.top = y;

                   clip.right = x + width;

                   clip.bottom = y + height;

                   canvas.clipRect(clip);

         }

 

         public void drawOval(int x, int y, int width, int height) {

                   paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);

                   canvas.drawOval(new RectF(x, y, x + width, y + height), paint);

         }

 

         public void drawPolygon(int[] xpoints, int[] ypoints, int npoints) {

                   canvas.drawLine(xpoints[npoints - 1], ypoints[npoints - 1], xpoints[0],

                                     ypoints[0], paint);

                   for (int i = 0; i < npoints - 1; i++) {

                            canvas.drawLine(xpoints[i], ypoints[i], xpoints[i + 1],

                                               ypoints[i + 1], paint);

                   }

         }

 

         public Canvas getGraphics() {

                   return canvas;

         }

 

         public Paint getPaint() {

                   return paint;

         }

 

         public Rect getClip() {

                   return clip;

         }

 

         public Bitmap getBitmap() {

                   return bitmap;

         }

 

}

 

Ø         Connector类

Android平台下不再提供这个静态接口类，而是提供HttpURLConnection以及URL进行网络通讯，这个类的封装如下：

 

package org.loon.framework.android.game;

 

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

 

public class Connector {

                   public static final int READ = 1;

                   public static final int WRITE = 2;

                   public static final int READ_WRITE = 3;

                  

                   private static String platform;

                   private static boolean j2me;

                  

                   public static HttpConnection open(String name,int mode,boolean timeouts)

                            throws java.io.IOException

                            {

                            URL url = new URL(name);   

                       

                            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();     

 

                // Allow Inputs  

                conn.setDoInput(true);  

 

                 // Allow Outputs  

                conn.setDoOutput(true);

           

                            conn.setConnectTimeout(100000);

                           

                            HttpConnection co = new HttpConnection();