《深入体验Java Web开发内幕——核心基础》目录

第 1 章  XML 基础 ..................................................................................................................  1

... 指点迷津：什么是配置文件

1.1 认知XML ............................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 XML的起源与作用 ......................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 XML文档结构 ................................................................................................ 2

1.1.3 XML与HTML的比较 ..................................................................................... 4

1.1.4 XML与数据库的比较 ...................................................................................... 4

1.2 XML的基本语法 .................................................................................................... 5

1.2.1 文档声明 ........................................................................................................ 5

...... 动手体验：加深对 encoding属性的理解

1.2.2 元素定义 ........................................................................................................ 9

1.2.3 属性定义 ...................................................................................................... 10

1.2.4 注释 ............................................................................................................. 11

1.2.5 空格和换行的处理 ........................................................................................ 11

1.2.6 CDATA区 ...................................................................................................... 11

1.2.7 特殊字符 ...................................................................................................... 12

... 动手体验：加深对特殊字符的了解

1.2.8 处理指令（processing instruction） ................................................................ 14

... 动手体验：使用CSS控制XML文档的显示

1.3 XML约束模式 ...................................................................................................... 15

1.3.1 格式良好的（Well-formed）XML ................................................................... 15

1.3.2 XML的约束模式 ........................................................................................... 15

1.3.3 XML约束模式语言 ........................................................................................ 16

1.3.4 有效的（Valid）XML ..................................................................................... 17

1.4 DTD ..................................................................................................................... 17

1.4.1 初识DTD ..................................................................................................... 17

1.4.2 在XML文档中引入外部DTD文件 ............................................................... 18

1.4.3 在XML文档中直接嵌入DTD定义语句 ........................................................ 20

1.5 DTD的语法细节 ................................................................................................... 21

1.5.1 元素定义 ...................................................................................................... 21

1.5.2 属性定义 ...................................................................................................... 22

1.5.3 实体定义 ...................................................................................................... 27

... 动手体验：加深对引用实体的了解

1.6 XML Schema ......................................................................................................... 31

1.6.1 XML Schema与DTD的比较 .......................................................................... 31

1.6.2 一个XML Schema例子 ................................................................................. 32

1.7 名称空间 .............................................................................................................. 34

1.7.1 名称空间的概念 ............................................................................................ 34

1.7.2 名称空间声明 ............................................................................................... 34

1.7.3 默认名称空间 ............................................................................................... 35

1.7.4 属性的名称空间问题 ..................................................................................... 36

1.7.5 xml:space和xml:lang属性 .............................................................................. 36

1.8 引入XML Schema文档 ......................................................................................... 37

1.8.1 使用名称空间引入XML Schema文档 ............................................................ 37

1.8.2 不使用名称空间引入XML Schema文档 ......................................................... 39

1.9 思考与实践 ........................................................................................................... 39

第 2 章 用 Tomcat 构建 WEB 站点 .........................................................................................  41

2.1 WEB应用的相关知识 ............................................................................................ 41

2.1.1 HTTP协议 .................................................................................................... 41

2.1.2 URL .............................................................................................................. 41

2.1.3 网站系统的组成 ............................................................................................ 42

2.1.4 主要的WEB服务器软件 ............................................................................... 43

2.2 安装Tomcat .......................................................................................................... 44

2.2.1 Tomcat简介 .................................................................................................. 44

2.2.2 获取Tomcat安装程序包 ............................................................................... 44

2.2.3 使用zip和tar.gz包安装Tomcat ..................................................................... 44

2.2.4 使用exe程序安装Tomcat ............................................................................. 46

2.3 Tomcat的启动与停止 ............................................................................................ 50

2.3.1 使用Tomcat服务程序 ................................................................................... 50

... 多学两招：查找网络服务程序监听异常的问题

2.3.2 使用Tomcat程序组中的快捷菜单 ................................................................. 53

... 多学两招：了解Tomcat 4.1.3的快捷启动菜单的工作原理

2.3.3 使用tomcat.exe程序 ..................................................................................... 56

... 指点迷津：tomcat5.exe启动的tomcat程序不一定是tomcat5.exe自身所在的目录

2.3.4 startup.bat批处理文件 .................................................................................... 58

2.3.5 catalina.bat批处理文件 ................................................................................... 61

2.3.6 使用批处理程序及查找Tomcat的启动问题 ................................................... 65

... 动手体验：练习查找tomcat的启动错误

2.4 配置WEB站点的虚拟目录 .................................................................................... 68

2.4.1 虚拟WEB目录的映射关系 ............................................................................ 68

2.4.2 设置WEB站点的根目录 ............................................................................... 69

... 动手体验：修改WEB站点的默认根目录

2.4.3 设置WEB站点的虚拟子目录 ........................................................................ 71

... 动手体验：设置WEB站点的虚拟子目录

... 脚下留心：war文件的内部目录结构

2.4.4 部署描述符与目录的默认网页 ....................................................................... 73

... 动手体验：设置目录的默认网页

2.5 配置虚拟主机 ....................................................................................................... 75

2.5.1 浏览器访问WEB资源的过程 ........................................................................ 75

... 动手体验：用telnet程序分析浏览器访问WEB资源的过程

... 多学两招：打开telnet程序的本地回显功能

2.5.2 虚拟主机及实现原理 ..................................................................................... 77

2.5.3 基于主机名的虚拟主机 ................................................................................. 78

...... 动手体验：使用 Tomcat建立基于主机名的虚拟主机

2.5.4 基于端口号的虚拟主机 ................................................................................. 82

... 动手体验：使用Tomcat建立基于端口号的虚拟主机

2.5.5 基于IP地址的虚拟主机 ................................................................................ 83

2.6 与专用WEB服务器的集成 .................................................................................... 83

2.6.1 集成的考虑因素 ............................................................................................ 84

2.6.2集成技术的选择 ............................................................................................. 85

2.6.3 JK插件 ......................................................................................................... 86

... 动手体验：下载JK插件

2.6.4 Tomcat的体系结构与JK插件的工作原理 ....................................................... 89

... 动手体验：查阅JK连接器的帮助文档

2.6.5 Tomcat与IIS服务器集成 .............................................................................. 93

2.6.6 Tomcat与Windows系统下的Apache服务器集成 .......................................... 100

2.6.7 与专业WEB服务器集成的现实问题 ............................................................ 103

2.7 思考与实践 ......................................................................................................... 103

第 3 章  HTTP 协议详解 ....................................................................................................  105

3.1 了解HTTP ............................................................................................................ 105

3.1.1 HTTP简介 ................................................................................................... 105

3.1.2 HTTP 1.0的会话方式 ................................................................................... 105

3.1.3 HTTP 1.1与HTTP 1.0的比较 ....................................................................... 106

3.1.4 HTTP消息的格式 ........................................................................................ 108

3.2 请求行与状态行 .................................................................................................... 110

3.2.1 请求行与状态行 .......................................................................................... 110

... 动手体验：借助telnet程序直观体验请求行和状态行

3.2.2 使用GET和POST方式传递参数 ................................................................. 112

... 动手体验：在telnet程序中使用GET与POST方式传递参数

3.2.3 响应状态码 ................................................................................................. 117

3.3 通用信息头 ........................................................................................................... 120

3.3.1 Cache-Control ............................................................................................... 120

3.3.2 Connection ................................................................................................... 121

... 动手体验：Connection头字段的作用

3.3.3 Date ............................................................................................................. 121

3.3.4 Pragma ........................................................................................................ 122

3.3.5 Trailer .......................................................................................................... 122

3.3.6 Transfer-Encoding ........................................................................................ 122

3.3.7 Upgrade ....................................................................................................... 122

3.3.8 Via ............................................................................................................... 123

3.3.9 Warning ....................................................................................................... 123

3.4 请求头 .................................................................................................................. 123

3.4.1 Accept ......................................................................................................... 123

3.4.2 Accept-Charset ............................................................................................. 123

3.4.3 Accept-Encoding ........................................................................................... 123

3.4.4 Accept-Language ........................................................................................... 124

... 动手体验：Accept-Language头字段的作用

3.4.5 Authorization ................................................................................................. 125

3.4.6 Expect ......................................................................................................... 126

3.4.7 From ........................................................................................................... 126

3.4.8 Host ............................................................................................................. 126

3.4.9 If-Match ...................................................................................................... 126

3.4.10 If-Modified-Since ........................................................................................ 127

3.4.11 If-None-Match ............................................................................................ 127

3.4.12 If-Range ..................................................................................................... 127

3.4.13 If-Unmodified-Since .................................................................................... 127

3.4.14 Max-Forwards ............................................................................................ 127

3.4.15 Proxy-Authorization ..................................................................................... 128

3.4.16 Range ......................................................................................................... 128

3.4.17 Referer ....................................................................................................... 128

3.4.18 TE ............................................................................................................. 128

3.4.19 User-Agent ................................................................................................. 129

3.5 响应头 .................................................................................................................. 129

3.5.1 Accept-Ranges .............................................................................................. 129

3.5.2 Age .............................................................................................................. 129

3.5.3 Etag ............................................................................................................. 129

3.5.4 Location ....................................................................................................... 130

... 动手体验：Location头字段的作用

3.5.5 Proxy-Authenticate ........................................................................................ 130

3.5.6 Retry-After ................................................................................................... 130

3.5.7 Server .......................................................................................................... 131

3.5.8 Vary ............................................................................................................. 131

3.5.9 WWW-Authenticate ....................................................................................... 131

3.6 实体头 .................................................................................................................. 131

3.6.1 Allow ........................................................................................................... 132

3.6.2 Content-Encoding .......................................................................................... 132

3.6.3 Content-Language ......................................................................................... 132

3.6.4 Content-Length ............................................................................................. 133

3.6.5 Content-Location ........................................................................................... 133

3.6.6 Content-MD5 ................................................................................................ 133

3.6.7 Content-Range .............................................................................................. 133

3.6.8 Content-Type ................................................................................................ 134

... 动手体验：了解WEB服务器设置实体内容的MIME类型的原理

3.6.9 Expires ......................................................................................................... 135

3.6.10 Last-Modified .............................................................................................. 135

3.7 扩展头 .................................................................................................................. 136

3.7.1 Refresh ........................................................................................................ 136

3.7.2 Content-Disposition ....................................................................................... 136

3.8 思考与实践 ......................................................................................................... 137

第4章 Servlet开发基础................................................................................................ 138

4.1 Servlet的有关概念 ............................................................................................. 138

4.1.1 什么是动态网页 .......................................................................................... 138

... 指点迷津：区分动态网页与动态HTML页面的概念

4.1.2 动态网页程序与引擎 ................................................................................... 139

4.1.3 Servlet技术简介 ........................................................................................... 140

4.1.4 B/S系统架构与C/S系统架构 ....................................................................... 141

4.1.5 相关知识 .................................................................................................... 143

4.2 Servlet应用入门 ................................................................................................ 143

4.2.1 Servlet API介绍 ........................................................................................... 143

... 动手体验：查看Tomcat提供的Servlet API帮助文档

4.2.2 编写与编译Servlet程序 ............................................................................... 145

... 指点迷津：如何快速入门新技术

... 动手体验：编写与编译Servlet程序的过程

4.2.3 Servlet的注册与运行 .................................................................................... 146

... 动手体验：注册与访问Servlet程序

... 照猫画虎：如何编写web.xml文件

4.2.4 Servlet激活器 .............................................................................................. 150

... 动手体验：使用Servlet激活器

4.2.5 缺省Servlet ................................................................................................. 151

... 动手体验：缺省Servlet的作用

4.2.6 Servlet的类装载器 ....................................................................................... 152

... 动手体验：Tomcat如何完成类的加载

... 指点迷津：区分Servlet的编译和运行环境

4.2.7 编写一个自动编译工具 ............................................................................... 158

4.3 Servlet的特点及运行过程 .................................................................................. 158

4.3.1 Servlet的特点 .............................................................................................. 158

4.3.2 Servlet的运行过程 ....................................................................................... 160

4.3.3 Servlet的线程安全问题 ................................................................................ 164

... 动手体验：Servlet的并发访问与线程安全问题

... 指点迷津：哪些情况下要考虑线程安全问题

4.4 ServletConfig接口 ............................................................................................... 167

4.4.1 getInitParameterNames方法 .......................................................................... 168

4.4.2 getInitParameter方法 .................................................................................... 168

4.4.3 getServletName方法 ..................................................................................... 168

4.4.4 getServletContext方法 .................................................................................. 168

4.4.5 GenericServlet类实现ServletConfig接口的目的 ............................................. 169

4.4.6 ServletConfig的应用举例 .............................................................................. 169

... 动手体验：ServletConfig对象的应用

4.5 GenericServlet与HttpServlet类 .......................................................................... 171

4.5.1 理解回调方法 ............................................................................................. 171

4.5.2 init方法 ....................................................................................................... 172

... 指点迷津：覆盖无参数的init()方法来编写初始化代码的好处

4.5.3 service方法 ................................................................................................. 174

4.5.4 destroy方法 ................................................................................................. 175

4.5.5 getServletConfig方法 .................................................................................... 175

4.5.6 getServletInfo方法 ....................................................................................... 175

4.5.7 doXxx方法 .................................................................................................. 175

... 动手体验：doGet方法与doPost方法的作用

... 指点迷津：如何理解“在自己的程序代码中不能调用回调方法”

4.5.8 浏览器缓存内幕与getLastModified方法 ....................................................... 175

... 动手体验：揭开浏览器缓存的奥秘

4.6 ServletContext接口 .............................................................................................. 179

4.6.1 获取WEB应用程序的初始化参数 ................................................................ 179

... 动手体验：WEB应用程序的初始化参数的设置与应用

4.6.2 记录日志 .................................................................................................... 181

... 动手体验：WEB应用程序的日志记录功能

... 多学两招：JDK中提供的日志记录模块

4.6.3 application域范围的属性 .............................................................................. 186

4.6.4 访问资源文件 ............................................................................................. 187

... 动手体验：在Servlet程序中使用FileInputStream类的问题

... 动手体验：使用ServletContext接口和ClassLoader类中的方法访问资源文件

4.6.5 获取虚拟路径所映射的本地路径 ................................................................. 191

4.6.6 WEB应用程序之间的访问 ............................................................................ 191

... 动手体验：访问其他WEB应用程序

4.6.7 ServletContext接口中的其他方法 .................................................................. 193

4.7 思考与实践 .......................................................................................................... 194

第5章 HttpServletResponse的应用............................................................................... 196

5.1 准备实验环境 ....................................................................................................... 196

5.2 HttpServletResponse简介 ................................................................................... 197

5.3 产生响应状态行 ................................................................................................... 197

5.3.1 状态码常量 ................................................................................................. 197

5.3.2 setStatus方法 ............................................................................................... 198

5.3.3 sendError方法 ............................................................................................. 198

5.4 构建响应消息头 ................................................................................................... 198

5.4.1 addHeader与setHeader方法 .......................................................................... 199

5.4.2 addIntHeader与setIntHeader方法 .................................................................. 199

5.4.3 addDateHeader与setDateHeader方法 ............................................................. 199

5.4.4 setContentLength方法 ................................................................................... 199

5.4.5 setContentType方法 ..................................................................................... 200

5.4.6 setCharacterEncoding方法 ............................................................................ 200

5.4.7 setLocale方法 .............................................................................................. 200

5.4.8 containsHeader方法 ...................................................................................... 201

5.5 响应消息头的实用案例 ......................................................................................... 201

5.5.1 Servlet的中文输出问题 ................................................................................ 201

... 动手体验：浏览器查看网页文档时怎样选择字符集编码

... 动手体验：Servlet的中文输出问题及解决之道

... 脚下留心：注意传递给setContentType方法的参数值的大小写

... 多学两招：修改某个Servlet将导致整个WEB应用程序被重新加载

5.5.2 让浏览器定时刷新网页或跳转至其他页面 ................................................... 210

... 动手体验：Refresh头字段的作用效果

5.5.3 禁止浏览器缓存当前文档内容 ..................................................................... 211

... 动手体验：浏览器的缓存问题和解决方案

5.5.4 使用<meta>标签模拟响应消息头 ................................................................. 213

... 动手体验：使用<meta>标签解决浏览器查看网页时的中文乱码问题

... 多学两招：网页文档应尽量采用UTF-8编码

5.6 创建响应正文 ....................................................................................................... 215

5.6.1 getOutputStream与getWriter方法 ................................................................. 215

5.6.2 getWriter方法的一些相关小疑问 .................................................................. 216

... 动手体验：getWriter方法的一些相关问题

5.6.3 输出缓冲区 ................................................................................................. 218

... 动手体验：Servlet引擎处理输出缓冲区的细节

5.6.4 实现动态文件内容的下载 ............................................................................ 221

... 动手体验：实现动态文件内容的下载

5.6.5 图像访问计数器 .......................................................................................... 223

... 动手体验：使用<img>标签实现静态HTML页面的访问次数统计和显示

... 多学两招：如何动态产生大小可变的图像

5.7 请求重定向与请求转发 ......................................................................................... 230

5.7.1 RequestDispatcher接口 ................................................................................. 231

5.7.2 用include方法实现资源包含 ....................................................................... 231

... 动手体验：RequestDispatcher.include方法的应用细节

5.7.3 用forward方法实现请求转发 ...................................................................... 237

... 动手体验：RequestDispatcher.forward方法的应用细节

... 动手体验：RequestDispatcher.forward方法的相对路径问题

5.7.4请求转发的运行流程 .................................................................................... 246

5.7.5 用sendRedirect方法实现请求重定向 ............................................................ 250

... 动手体验：sendRedirect方法的应用

5.7.6请求重定向的运行流程 ................................................................................ 252

5.7.7 请求重定向与请求转发的比较 ..................................................................... 257

5.7.8 缺省Servlet的缓存问题 ............................................................................... 258

... 动手体验：缺省Servlet的缓存问题

5.8 思考与实践 .......................................................................................................... 261

第6章 HttpServletRequest的应用................................................................................. 263

6.1 HttpServletRequest简介 ...................................................................................... 263

6.2 获取请求行的相关信息 ....................................................................................... 263

6.2.1 getMethod方法 ............................................................................................ 263

6.2.2 getRequestURI方法 ...................................................................................... 263

6.2.3 getQueryString方法 ...................................................................................... 264

6.2.4 getProtocol方法 ........................................................................................... 264

6.2.5 getContextPath方法 ...................................................................................... 264

6.2.6 getPathInfo方法 ........................................................................................... 264

6.2.7 getPathTranslated方法 .................................................................................. 265

6.2.8 getServletPath方法 ....................................................................................... 265

6.2.9 获取请求行信息的综合实例 ........................................................................ 265

... 动手体验：与请求行信息相关的各个方法的作用

6.3 获取网络连接信息 .............................................................................................. 266

6.3.1 getRemoteAddr方法 ..................................................................................... 266

6.3.2 getRemoteHost方法 ...................................................................................... 267

6.3.3 getRemotePort方法 ...................................................................................... 267

6.3.4 getLocalAddr方法 ........................................................................................ 267

6.3.5 getLocalName方法 ....................................................................................... 267

6.3.6 getLocalPort方法 ......................................................................................... 267

6.3.7 getServerName方法 ...................................................................................... 267

6.3.8 getServerPort方法 ........................................................................................ 267

6.3.9 getScheme方法 ............................................................................................ 267

6.3.10 getRequestURL方法 .................................................................................... 268

6.4 获取请求头信息 ................................................................................................. 268

6.4.1 getHeader方法 ............................................................................................. 268

6.4.2 getHeaders方法 ............................................................................................ 268

6.4.3 getHeaderNames方法 .................................................................................... 268

6.4.4 getIntHeader方法 ......................................................................................... 269

6.4.5 getDateHeader方法 ....................................................................................... 269

6.4.6 getContentType方法 ..................................................................................... 269

6.4.7 getContentLength方法 .................................................................................. 269

6.4.8 getCharacterEncoding方法 ............................................................................ 269

6.4.9 获取所有请求头的编程实例 ........................................................................ 269

... 动手体验：获取请求消息中的所有请求头信息

6.4.10 利用Referer请求头阻止“盗链” .............................................................. 272

... 动手体验：利用Referer请求头阻止“盗链”

6.4.11 利用Referer请求头隐藏JavaScript源码 ..................................................... 273

... 动手体验：利用Referer请求头隐藏JavaScript源代码

6.4.12 BASE64编码及客户端身份认证 .................................................................. 278

... 动手体验：BASIC验证的交互过程

6.5 浏览器传递参数信息的细节 ................................................................................ 284

6.5.1 使用GET方式传递参数 .............................................................................. 285

... 脚下留心：不要使用GET方式提交包含口令的FORM表单

6.5.2 使用POST方式传递参数 ............................................................................ 285

6.5.3 提交、重置、普通按钮如何传送参数 .......................................................... 286

... 动手体验：了解提交、重置、普通按钮的参数传递细节

6.5.4 单行与多行文本输入框如何传送参数 .......................................................... 287

... 动手体验：了解单行与多行文本输入框的参数传递细节

6.5.5 单选按钮与复选框如何传送参数 ................................................................. 288

... 动手体验：了解单选按钮与复选框的参数传递细节

6.5.6 隐藏表单字段与图像字段如何传送参数 ....................................................... 289

... 动手体验：了解隐藏表单字段元素与图像字段元素的参数传递细节

6.5.7 列表框如何传送参数 ................................................................................... 290

... 动手体验：了解列表框的参数传递细节

6.5.8 使用Javascript防止重复提交表单 ................................................................ 290

... 动手体验：使用Javascript防止重复表单提交

6.6 获取请求参数 ..................................................................................................... 293

6.6.1 getParameter方法 ......................................................................................... 293

6.6.2 getParameterValues方法 ................................................................................ 293

6.6.3 getParameterNames方法 ............................................................................... 293

6.6.4 getParameterMap方法 ................................................................................... 294

6.6.5 获取请求参数的编程实例 ............................................................................ 294

... 动手体验：获取请求消息中的所有参数

6.6.6 一次性处理多个列表项的实用案例 .............................................................. 296

... 动手体验：一次性处理多个列表项

6.6.7单选列表框的处理经验 ................................................................................ 300

6.7 获取请求消息的实体内容 ................................................................................... 300

6.7.1 getInputStream与getReader方法 ................................................................... 301

... 多学两招：使用ServletInputStream对象读取文本格式的实体内容

6.7.2 分析文件上传的请求消息结构 ..................................................................... 301

... 动手体验：分析文件上传的请求消息结构

6.8 利用请求域属性传递信息 ..................................................................................... 311

6.8.1 setAttribute方法 ........................................................................................... 311

6.8.2 getAttribute方法 ........................................................................................... 312

6.8.3 removeAttribute方法 ..................................................................................... 312

6.8.4 getAttributeNames方法 ................................................................................. 312

6.8.5 请求域属性的编程实例 ............................................................................... 312

... 动手体验：请求域属性的应用

... 多想一想：请求域属性与URL参数的应用区别

6.9 请求参数的中文读取问题 ................................................................................... 317

6.9.1 了解中文字符的URL编码 ........................................................................... 317

... 动手体验：中文字符的URL编码和解码

6.9.2 浏览器怎样进行URL编码 ........................................................................... 318

... 动手体验：浏览器怎样对FORM表单内容进行URL编码

6.9.3 getCharacterEncoding方法 ............................................................................ 319

6.9.4 setCharacterEncoding方法 ............................................................................ 319

6.9.5 getParameter方法的中文问题 ....................................................................... 319

... 动手体验：使用getParameter方法读取请求参数时的中文乱码问题

6.9.6 一些参考经验 ............................................................................................. 332

6.10 思考与实践 ........................................................................................................ 333

第7章  会话与状态管理................................................................................................. 334

7.1 WEB应用中的会话与会话状态 ........................................................................... 334

7.1.1 会话与会话状态简介 ................................................................................... 334

7.1.2 如何实现有状态的会话 ............................................................................... 334

7.2 Cookie ............................................................................................................... 335

7.2.1 什么是Cookie ............................................................................................. 335

7.2.2 Set-Cookie2响应头字段 ................................................................................ 337

7.2.3 Cookie请求头字段 ....................................................................................... 338

7.3 在Servlet程序中使用Cookie ............................................................................. 339

7.3.1 Cookie类 ..................................................................................................... 339

7.3.2 HttpServletResponse.addCookie方法 .............................................................. 340

7.3.3 HttpServletRequest.getCookies方法 ................................................................ 340

7.3.4 Cookie的综合实例 ....................................................................................... 341

... 动手体验：Cookie的工作细节

7.4 Session ............................................................................................................. 354

7.4.1 什么是Session ............................................................................................ 354

7.4.2 Session的跟踪机制 ...................................................................................... 354

7.4.3 Session的超时管理 ...................................................................................... 355

7.4.4 HttpSession接口中的方法 ............................................................................. 356

7.4.5 HttpServletRequest接口中的Session方法 ...................................................... 357

... 多想一想：什么情况下该调用request.getSession(false)方法

7.4.6 application与session域范围的属性比较 ........................................................ 358

... 动手体验：application和session域范围的属性的差异

7.4.7 利用Cookie实现Session跟踪 ...................................................................... 364

... 动手体验：如何利用Cookie实现Session跟踪

7.4.8 利用URL重写实现Session跟踪 .................................................................. 367

... 动手体验：利用URL重写实现Session跟踪

7.5 Session的典型案例 ........................................................................................... 368

7.5.1 使用Session实现购物车 .............................................................................. 368

... 动手体验：使用Session实现购物车功能

7.5.2 利用Session防止表单重复提交 ................................................................... 375

... 多学两招：MD5算法及其应用

... 动手体验：利用Session防止表单重复提交

7.5.3 利用Session实现一次性验证码 ................................................................... 382

... 动手体验：利用Session实现一次性验证码

... 多学两招：用时间间隔限制用户连续发帖

7.5.4 跟踪用户上次访问站点的时间及Cookie中文问题 ........................................ 387

7.6 Session的持久化管理 ........................................................................................ 389

7.6.1 Session的持久化 .......................................................................................... 389

7.6.2 Tomcat中的Session持久化管理 ................................................................... 390

... 动手体验：Tomcat的Session持久化

7.7 思考与实践 ................................................................................................................. 394

第8章 JSP..................................................................................................................... 396

8.1 JSP入门 ............................................................................................................. 396

8.1.1 建立对JSP的直观认识 ............................................................................... 396

... 动手体验：编写最基本JSP程序

8.1.2 JSP的运行原理 ........................................................................................... 399

... 多学两招：让JSP引擎不检测JSP页面是否发生修改

8.1.3 分析JSP所生成的Servlet代码 .................................................................... 402

... 指点迷津：out.print语句与out.write语句的区别

8.1.4 JSP隐式对象 ............................................................................................... 407

... 多学两招：使用JSP页面学习Servlet API

8.1.5 注册与配置JSP页面的访问路径 ................................................................. 409

8.1.6 JSP与JavaScript的综合应用 ........................................................................ 409

... 动手体验：JSP与JavaScript的综合应用

... 多学两招：降低代码的嵌套层次，提高程序的易阅读性

8.1.7 JSP与Servlet的应用比较 ............................................................................. 417

8.2 JSP基本语法 ...................................................................................................... 418

8.2.1 JSP模版元素 ............................................................................................... 418

8.2.2 JSP表达式 .................................................................................................. 418

8.2.3 JSP脚本片断 ............................................................................................... 418

8.2.4 JSP声明 ...................................................................................................... 420

8.2.5 EL表达式 .................................................................................................... 422

... 动手体验：EL表达式将null输出为空字符串（""）的好处

8.2.6 JSP注释 ...................................................................................................... 424

... 动手体验：JSP注释与JSP页面中的Java注释和HTML注释的区别

8.2.7 特殊字符序列的转义处理 ............................................................................ 425

8.2.8 如何查找JSP页面中的错误 ........................................................................ 426

... 动手体验：查找JSP页面中的错误

8.3 JSP指令 ............................................................................................................. 430

8.3.1 JSP指令简介 ............................................................................................... 430

8.3.2 page指令 ..................................................................................................... 430

... 动手体验：JSP页面中的异常处理

... 多学两招：在web.xml文件中设置全局错误处理

... 多学两招：如何识别web.xml文件所遵循的Servlet规范版本

8.3.3 include指令 ................................................................................................. 435

... 动手体验：include指令的特性

8.4 out对象 .............................................................................................................. 438

... 动手体验：out对象的应用特性

... 指点迷津：将请求转发给静态HTML页面的实验现象为何不稳定

8.5 pageContext对象 ................................................................................................. 441

8.5.1 pageContext对象简介 ................................................................................... 441

8.5.2 获得其他隐式对象 ...................................................................................... 442

8.5.3 引入和跳转到其他资源 ............................................................................... 442

... 动手体验：PageContext.forward方法的应用细节

8.5.4 访问各个域范围中的属性 ............................................................................ 444

... 动手体验：存储在pageContext对象中的属性的作用域

8.5.5 pushBody与popBody方法 ............................................................................ 446

8.6 JSP标签 ............................................................................................................. 448

8.6.1 <jsp:include>标签 ......................................................................................... 449

... 动手体验：<jsp:include>标签的特性

8.6.2 <jsp:forward>标签 ........................................................................................ 451

... 动手体验：<jsp:forward>标签的特性

8.6.3 <jsp:param>标签 ........................................................................................... 452

8.6.4 <jsp:plugin>标签 ........................................................................................... 453

8.6.5 脚本元素标签 ............................................................................................. 454

8.6.6 指令标签 .................................................................................................... 454

8.6.7 <jsp:text>标签 .............................................................................................. 454

8.6.8 完全使用标签编写JSP页面 ........................................................................ 455

8.7 JSP的中文乱码问题 .............................................................................................. 455

8.7.1 JSP中文乱码的根源 .................................................................................... 455

... 动手体验：JSP引擎翻译JSP页面时的中文乱码问题

8.7.2 静态引入的中文乱码问题 ............................................................................ 463

... 动手体验：静态引入时的中文乱码问题

8.7.3 <jsp:param>标签传递中文参数时的问题 ........................................................ 464

... 动手体验：<jsp:param>标签传递中文参数时的问题

8.7.4 JSP中文乱码的总结 .................................................................................... 466

8.8 思考与实践 .................................................................................................................. 468

第9章 JavaBean在JSP中的应用.................................................................................. 470

9.1 JavaBean简介 ...................................................................................................... 470

9.2 JavaBean的属性 .................................................................................................. 470

9.1.1 JavaBean的属性简介 .................................................................................... 470

9.1.2 简单属性 .................................................................................................... 471

9.1.3 Indexed属性 ................................................................................................ 472

9.3 JavaBean在JSP中的应用 .................................................................................... 473

9.3.1 在JSP中如何使用JavaBean ......................................................................... 473

9.3.2 <jsp:useBean>标签 ........................................................................................ 474

... 动手体验：带标签体的<jsp:useBean>标签的执行情况

9.3.3 <jsp:setProperty>标签 ................................................................................... 477

... 动手体验：<jsp:setProperty>标签的应用

... 多学两招：利用JSP表达式对JavaBean的特殊类型的属性进行赋值

9.3.4 <jsp:getProperty>标签 ................................................................................... 481

9.3.5 使用JavaBean的注意事项 ........................................................................... 481

9.4 JSP开发模式 ......................................................................................................... 482

9.4.1 MVC设计模式 ............................................................................................. 482

9.4.2 JSP开发模式 ............................................................................................... 483

9.4.3 用模式一实现用户登录功能 ........................................................................ 484

... 动手体验：用JSP模式一实现用户登录功能

9.4.4 用模式二实现用户注册功能 ........................................................................ 493

... 动手体验：用JSP模式二实现用户注册功能

9.5 思考与实践 ........................................................................................................... 504