iphone ios layer 教程应用

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-28 08:36:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-28 08:36:48 发布

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CALayer(层)是屏幕上的一个矩形区域，在每一个UIView中都包含一个根CALayer，在UIView上的所有视觉效果都是在这个Layer上进行的。

CALayer外形特征主要包括：

1、层的大小尺寸

2、背景色

3、内容（可以填充图片或者使用Core Graphics绘制的内容）

4、矩形是否使用圆角

5、矩形是否有阴影

Layer有很多种，最常用也是最基本的是CALayer，当然还包括其他的子类：

CAScrollerLayer 简化显示层的一部分

CATextLayer 文本层

CAGradientLayer、CAShapeLayer等等

使用层之前，需要在项目中引入QuartzCore.framework框架

实例：

新建XCode项目LayerSample，导入QuartzCore.famework

在LayerSampleViewController.h文件中引入：


   
   
    
    
     
     
      
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    #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h> 
LayerSampleViewController.m文件，代码：  
//  
//  LayerSampleViewController.m  
//  LayerSample  
//  
//  Created by jordy on 11-3-28.  
//  Copyright 2011 vsp. All rights reserved.  
//  
  
#import "LayerSampleViewController.h"  
  
@implementation LayerSampleViewController  
  
// Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.  
- (void)loadView {  
    UIView *rootView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 1024, 768)];  
    rootView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];  
    self.view = rootView;  
    [rootView release];  
  
    //加载layer  
  
    backLayer = [CALayer layer];  
    backLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor].CGColor;  
    backLayer.bounds = CGRectMake(10, 10, 1004, 728); //设置layer的区域  
    backLayer.position = CGPointMake(1024/2, 768/2-10); //设置layer坐标  
    [self.view.layer addSublayer:backLayer];  
  
}  
  
// Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.  
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {  
    return interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft;  
}  
  
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {  
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.  
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];  
  
    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.  
}  
  
- (void)viewDidUnload {  
    // Release any retained subviews of the main view.  
    // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil;  
}  
  
- (void)dealloc {  
    [super dealloc];  
}  
  
@end  
   
   
#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
LayerSampleViewController.m文件，代码：
//
//  LayerSampleViewController.m
//  LayerSample
//
//  Created by jordy on 11-3-28.
//  Copyright 2011 vsp. All rights reserved.
//

#import "LayerSampleViewController.h"

@implementation LayerSampleViewController

// Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- (void)loadView {
    UIView *rootView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 1024, 768)];
    rootView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    self.view = rootView;
    [rootView release];

    //加载layer

    backLayer = [CALayer layer];
    backLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor].CGColor;
    backLayer.bounds = CGRectMake(10, 10, 1004, 728); //设置layer的区域
    backLayer.position = CGPointMake(1024/2, 768/2-10); //设置layer坐标
    [self.view.layer addSublayer:backLayer];

}

// Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
    return interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft;
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];

    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.
}

- (void)viewDidUnload {
    // Release any retained subviews of the main view.
    // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil;
}

- (void)dealloc {
    [super dealloc];
}

@end

运行程序：

为了区分背景UIView，我将UIView的背景色设置为白色，backLayer的背景色设置为橘黄色。

上图是一个矩形区域，如果设置矩形的四个角是椭圆角，可以添加属性：

backLayer.cornerRadius = 20.0; //矩形椭圆角的弧度半径

运行程序后，效果如图：

添加带阴影的子Layer（层）,代码：


   
   
    
    
     
     
      
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     //添加子layer 
CALayer *cyanLayer = [CALayer layer];  
cyanLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor].CGColor;  
cyanLayer.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 300);  
cyanLayer.position = CGPointMake(180, 180);  
cyanLayer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 3); //设置阴影的偏移量  
cyanLayer.shadowRadius = 10.0;  //设置阴影的半径  
cyanLayer.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; //设置阴影的颜色为黑色  
cyanLayer.shadowOpacity = 0.9; //设置阴影的不透明度  
  
[backLayer addSublayer:cyanLayer];  
   
   
     //添加子layer
    CALayer *cyanLayer = [CALayer layer];
    cyanLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor].CGColor;
    cyanLayer.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 300);
    cyanLayer.position = CGPointMake(180, 180);
    cyanLayer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 3); //设置阴影的偏移量
    cyanLayer.shadowRadius = 10.0;  //设置阴影的半径
    cyanLayer.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; //设置阴影的颜色为黑色
    cyanLayer.shadowOpacity = 0.9; //设置阴影的不透明度

    [backLayer addSublayer:cyanLayer];

运行效果图：

给子Layer添加图片

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//添加子image layer
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"feiche.jpg"];
CALayer *imageLayer = [CALayer layer];
imageLayer.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, image.size.width, image.size.height);
imageLayer.contents = (id) image.CGImage;
imageLayer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 3); //设置阴影的偏移量
imageLayer.shadowRadius = 10.0; //设置阴影的半径
imageLayer.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; //设置阴影的颜色为黑色
imageLayer.shadowOpacity = 0.9; //设置阴影的不透明度
[backLayer addSublayer:imageLayer];

运行效果，

图片加边框，代码：


   
   
    
    
     
     
      
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    imageLayer.borderColor = [UIColor grayColor].CGColor; //边框颜色 
imageLayer.borderWidth = 2.0;  //边框宽度  
   
   
imageLayer.borderColor = [UIColor grayColor].CGColor;  //边框颜色
imageLayer.borderWidth = 2.0;  //边框宽度

运行效果：

设置图片为椭圆角，代码：


   
   
    
    
     
     
      
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    imageLayer.cornerRadius = 10.0; //设置layer圆角半径 
imageLayer.masksToBounds = YES;  //隐藏边界  
   
   
imageLayer.cornerRadius = 10.0;  //设置layer圆角半径
imageLayer.masksToBounds = YES;  //隐藏边界

运行效果：

但是由于设置masksToBounds 属性为true所以Layer的阴影效果也就没有了。

之前我都是将图片另外在做有阴影效果的图片，这样显的比较真实，如果阴影部分只是填充边框即可，可以采用两个Layer来实现阴影效果，代码：


   
   
    
    
     
     
      
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    UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"feiche.jpg"]; 
//阴影layer  
CALayer *shadowLayer = [CALayer layer];  
shadowLayer.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, image.size.width, image.size.height);  
shadowLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor].CGColor;  
shadowLayer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 3);  
shadowLayer.cornerRadius = 10.0;  
shadowLayer.shadowRadius = 10.0;  
shadowLayer.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; //设置阴影的颜色为黑色  
shadowLayer.shadowOpacity = 1.0; //设置阴影的不透明度  
[backLayer addSublayer:shadowLayer];      
  
//添加子image layer  
CALayer *imageLayer = [CALayer layer];  
imageLayer.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, image.size.width, image.size.height);  
imageLayer.contents = (id) image.CGImage;  
imageLayer.cornerRadius = 10.0;  //设置layer圆角半径  
imageLayer.masksToBounds = YES;  //隐藏边界  
imageLayer.borderColor = [UIColor grayColor].CGColor;  //边框颜色  
imageLayer.borderWidth = 2.0;  
[backLayer addSublayer:imageLayer];  
   
   
    UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"feiche.jpg"];
    //阴影layer
    CALayer *shadowLayer = [CALayer layer];
    shadowLayer.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, image.size.width, image.size.height);
    shadowLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor].CGColor;
    shadowLayer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 3);
    shadowLayer.cornerRadius = 10.0;
    shadowLayer.shadowRadius = 10.0;
    shadowLayer.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor; //设置阴影的颜色为黑色
    shadowLayer.shadowOpacity = 1.0; //设置阴影的不透明度
    [backLayer addSublayer:shadowLayer];    

    //添加子image layer
    CALayer *imageLayer = [CALayer layer];
    imageLayer.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, image.size.width, image.size.height);
    imageLayer.contents = (id) image.CGImage;
    imageLayer.cornerRadius = 10.0;  //设置layer圆角半径
    imageLayer.masksToBounds = YES;  //隐藏边界
    imageLayer.borderColor = [UIColor grayColor].CGColor;  //边框颜色
    imageLayer.borderWidth = 2.0;
    [backLayer addSublayer:imageLayer];