1、Ubuntu版本：Ubuntu使用的是16.04。而不是16.04.1或16.04.2，这三个是有区别的。笔者曾有过这样的经历，Git上一个SLAM地图构建程序在Ubuntu14.04.3上可以正常make与工作，而14.04.4却一塌Error。。。
可自己在Google搜索关键字“Ubuntu16.04.1”做“引子”找到历史版本，第一个就是。在此我们放出网址：
http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/16.04.1/
问：有两个“64-bit PC (AMD64) desktop image”怎么办？那个才是16.04？
答：点进去看看ISO前缀名称！
2、为什么免安装OpenCV？因为执行完下面语句OpenCV就自动安装上了，但不是OpenCV3，而是OpenCV 2.4.9.1。
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libboost-all-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev protobuf-compiler protobuf-c-compiler protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install -y python-numpy python-scipy python-matplotlib python-sklearn python-skimage python-h5py python-protobuf python-leveldb python-networkx python-nose python-pandas python-gflags cython ipython 可用命令
pkg-config --modversion opencv查询一下，faster-rcnn用OpenCV2的即可正常运行。如果您非要使用CV3，这里也给出参考教程。要相信OpenCV3不是三四行shell就能装好的。
OpenCV3.2.0安装链接如下
https://www.linuxhint.com/how-to-install-opencv-on-ubuntu/二、软件版本：
Ubuntu16.04
Cuda8.0
1080ti驱动
OpenCV3.2.0
cuDNN5.1 （5.1.10）
glog-0.3.3.tar.gz
注：以上这些都可以事先下载好。
注意：安装完Ubuntu后记得关闭“自动更新”。笔者装机完，正常使用两天后，出现了ubuntu反复登录桌面的问题。我是重装了Unity，也装了GDM。但愿你不会出现这类问题，如果出现了，下面给出解决链接。
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-07/39491.htm
http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?t=460910
三、安装Caffe参考：
1、主要参考：
迷途de小狼：
http://blog.csdn.net/u010733679/article/details/52249503
2、辅助参考：
http://www.jianshu.com/p/69a10d0a24b9
http://blog.csdn.net/yan_song_/article/details/53154611
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/135016.htm
http://blog.csdn.net/zhangzhenyuancs/article/details/52261004
3、声明与建议：
在此感谢几位网友的博客，正是参考了几位大神的博客才有我的成功安装。如有版权问题，请联系我，谢谢。
另外就是给要安装的朋友们给两个建议，自己搜索、或从上面的参考中至少选择三四篇文章通篇阅读一下，形成适合自己的安装思路。别人（包括本Blog）的环境都可能和屏幕前的你有所出入，所以要有所取舍。
四、安装Caffe步骤：
1、安装Ubuntu16.04
120G SSD:
/boot 400MB
/ SSD剩余所有
swap 内存两倍空间（心疼SSD的可放在2T机械）
2T
/home
2、安装1080ti驱动
Ctrl+alt+F1//进入字符界面
sudo service lightdm stop //关闭lightdm登录管理器
sudo chmod 755 NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-378.13.run //获取权限
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-378.13.run //安装驱动Accept
Continue installation
安装完成之后
sudo service lightdm start
3、安装Cuda8.0
sudo sh ./cuda_8.0.61_375.26_linux-run---Do you accept the previously read EULA?
accept/decline/quit: accept
---Install NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver for Linux-x86_64361.62?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: n
---Install the CUDA 8.0 Toolkit?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: y
---Enter Toolkit Location
[ default is /usr/local/cuda-8.0 ]:回车
---Do you want to install a symbolic link at /usr/local/cuda?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: y
---Install the CUDA 8.0 Samples?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: y
---Enter CUDA Samples Location
[ default is /home/duan ]:回车
//配置环境变量：
sudo gedit /etc/profileexport PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATHsudo ldconfigcd NVIDIA_CUDA-8.0_Samples/1_Utilities/deviceQuery
make
./deviceQuery 4、安装OpenCV（可跳过，Ubuntu默认安装cv2）：
见第一章网址，不用修改什么源文件。
注：如果你是4/8线程可用下代码加速编译：
make -j4 #四核运算5、安装依赖项：
1）Google Logging Library（glog），下载地址：https://code.google.com/p/google-glog/，然后解压安装：
$ tar zxvf glog-0.3.3.tar.gz
$ cd glog-0.3.3
$./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
如果没有权限就chmod a+x glog-0.3.3 -R , 或者索性 chmod 777 glog-0.3.3 -R 。
2）其他依赖项，确保都成功
$ sudo apt-get install -y libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libboost-all-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev protobuf-compiler protobuf-c-compiler protobuf-compiler
6、安装Caffe，并用MNIST数据集测试：
1）安装pycaffe必须的一些依赖项：
sudo apt-get install -y python-numpy python-scipy python-matplotlib python-sklearn python-skimage python-h5py python-protobuf python-leveldb python-networkx python-nose python-pandas python-gflags cython ipython
2）安装配置nVidia cuDNN 加速Caffe模型运算
1. $ sudo cp include/cudnn.h /usr/local/include
2. $ sudo cp lib64/libcudnn.* /usr/local/lib
3. $ sudo ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libcudnn.so.5.1.10 /usr/local/lib/libcudnn.so.5
4. $ sudo ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libcudnn.so.5 /usr/local/lib/libcudnn.so
5. $ sudo ldconfig -v 3）切换到Caffe-master的文件夹，生成Makefile.config配置文件，执行：
$ cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config4）配置Makefile.config文件
a.去掉“USE_CUDNN := 1”前面的#
b.根据前面自己的需求，选择性去掉“OPENCV_VERSION :=3”前面的#
c.配置一些引用文件（增加部分主要是解决新版本下，HDF5的路径问题）
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial
下面贴出我的Makefile.config文件
## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!
# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
USE_CUDNN := 1
# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# CPU_ONLY := 1
# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
# USE_OPENCV := 0
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0
# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
# You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
# possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1
# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
# OPENCV_VERSION := 3
# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++
# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr
# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
-gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
-gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
-gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61
# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas
# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib
# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app
# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
# ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include
# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
# PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \
# /usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
# PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib
# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib
# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
# WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1
# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial
# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib
# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 1
# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1
# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute
# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1
# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0
# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @
5）编译caffe-master！！！"-j4"是使用CPU的多核进行编译，可以极大地加速编译的速度，建议使用。
注：下面的make命令适当的时候加上sudo，建议都已super do来运行。
$ make all -j4
$ make test -j4
$ make runtest -j4期间会遇到下面的问题：
问题：mkl_alternate.hpp:14:19 fatal error: cblas.h: 没有那个文件或目录
解决：https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/3599
sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev问题：找不到 -lablas、-latlas
解决：
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev可能问题：.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0 Error 1 /usr/bin/ld: 找不到 -lopencv_imgcodecs
解决：你没有安装好CV3，可选择加上b的井号，或参考
https://my.oschina.net/peterlie/blog/661994
http://blog.csdn.net/foolsnowman/article/details/50532226
问题：caffe libcudart.so.8.0 cannot open shared object file no such file or directory
解决：https://github.com/NVIDIA/DIGITS/issues/8
sudo ldconfig /usr/local/cuda/lib64问题：nvcc warring: the 'compute_20', 'sm_20', and 'sm_21'
解决：我是不理会，不影响使用，想看一眼的可参考以下网址：
http://www.itwendao.com/article/detail/214390.html
6）编译Python和Matlab用到的caffe文件
$ make pycaffe -j47）测试
打开example -> MNIST -> Readme.md
按照最前面，cd到Caffe根目录，运行第一页的两个命令，进行下载和格式转换（不超过30MB的下载量）
再运行最下面的命令，Training，看命令行盖楼。。。
五、安装faster-r-cnn参考
bit_hammer大神：
http://blog.csdn.net/u011635764/article/details/52831167
cuDNN v5、v5.1的问题
http://blog.csdn.net/u010733679/article/details/52221404
大家按照bit_hammer大神的步骤安装就好，关于cuDNN v5.1的处理，两篇文章都一样的。
注：faster-r-cnn一定要从Git Clone，Download ZIP不全。
六、测试faster-r-cnn
从百度云盘下载训练好的模型：
VGG16_faster_rcnn_final.caffemodel （548.3MB）
2F_faster_rcnn_final.caffemodel （237.2MB）
将上述两个文件存放于：
py-faster-rcnn/data/faster_rcnn_models/
下，即可运行步骤五中的Demo。
七、使用py-faster-rcnn训练VOC2007数据集时遇到的问题
以下是我师姐整理的 ~_~
http://www.cnblogs.com/JZ-Ser/p/6924156.html
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