Java---利用Zing生成二维码、解析二维码

Zxing是一个开源的 用Java实现的多种格式的1D/2D条码图像处理库，可以生成、解析二维码。

二维码它就是把一段纯文本用图形样式转换出来了，以便于快速扫描读出

首先，新建一个Java工程，然后导入需要的Zxing jar包，
工程结构如下:

1.二维码生成

1.1将源码中关于二维码生成的类拷贝进来，

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;

public final class MatrixToImageWriter {

    private static final int BLACK = 0xFF000000;
    private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF;

    private MatrixToImageWriter() {
    }

    public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) {
        int width = matrix.getWidth();
        int height = matrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE);
            }
        }
        return image;
    }

    public static void writeToFile(BitMatrix matrix, String format, File file)
            throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
        if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, file)) {
            throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format "
                    + format + " to " + file);
        }
    }

    public static void writeToStream(BitMatrix matrix, String format,
            OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
        if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, stream)) {
            throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format "
                    + format);
        }
    }
}

1.2在main方法中编写实现二维码生成的方法

private static void generateCode() {
        try {

            String content = "http://www.baidu.com";
            String path = "C:\\Users\\Dong\\Desktop\\testImage";
            File dir = new File(path);
            if (!dir.exists()) {
                dir.mkdir();
            }
            MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();

            Map hints = new HashMap();
            hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = multiFormatWriter.encode(content,
                    BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 400, 400, hints);
            File file1 = new File(dir, "url.png");

            MatrixToImageWriter.writeToFile(bitMatrix, "png", file1);
            System.out.println("二维码生成成功!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

2.二维码解析

2.1 将源码中关于二维码解析的类拷贝进来

import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

public final class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {

    private final BufferedImage image;
    private final int left;
    private final int top;

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
    }

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top,
            int width, int height) {
        super(width, height);

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");
        }

        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white
                }
            }
        }

        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        this.left = left;
        this.top = top;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
        }
        int width = getWidth();
        if (row == null || row.length < width) {
            row = new byte[width];
        }
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
        return row;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getMatrix() {
        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();
        int area = width * height;
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
        return matrix;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCropSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left,
                this.top + top, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isRotateSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();

        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0,
                0.0, sourceWidth);

        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight,
                sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);

        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
        g.dispose();

        int width = getWidth();
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth
                - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    }

}

2.1 编写实现二维码解析的方法

private static void decode() {
        try {
            MultiFormatReader formatReader = new MultiFormatReader();
            String filePath = "C:\\Users\\Dong\\Desktop\\testImage\\url.png";
            File file = new File(filePath);
            BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);

            LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
            Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
            BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
            Map hints = new HashMap();
            hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
            Result result = formatReader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints);

            System.out.println("result = " + result.toString());
            System.out.println("resultFormat = " + result.getBarcodeFormat());
            System.out.println("resultText = " + result.getText());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

解析结果

参考：
- http://www.cnblogs.com/jtmjx/archive/2012/06/18/2545209.html
- https://www.zhihu.com/question/21096632

源码下载