快速入门系列--Log4net日志组件

Log4net是阿帕奇基金会的非常流行的开源日志组件,是log4j的.NET移植版本,至今已经有11年的历史,使用方便并且非常稳定,此外很重要的一点是其和很多开源组件能很好的组合在一起工作,例如NHibernate等。对于以本地日志为主的中小型的项目,Log4net已经足够使用,当然涉及跨平台的大型分布式系统可以选择Elmah等其他日志组件。

在这里,主要介绍log4net的一些关键知识点,详细内容可见以下链接:

 

首先是log4net的四个对象:

  • Logger记录器:用于产生日志,包括Fatal、ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG,可以通过设置logger的记录级别进行设置,例如level=INFO,那么除了DEBUG级别的信息,其他FATAL、ERROR、WARN、INFO等级别都将被记录。
  • Reposity库:维护日志对象的组织结构,主要用于对框架的扩展,一般使用不用关注。
  • Appender附着器:用于设置Log的输出模式,如文件、数据库、邮件等。
  • Layout布局:设置日志信息的格式。

 

其中Appender的选择很多,但最常见的最有实际意义的分别是:

log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender:通过配置,可以达到日志文件每天以日期新建一个,方便查看,还可以设置日志文件大小,防止侵占硬盘。

log4net.Appender.SmtpAppender:用于FATAL、ERROR等高危级别的日志,直接发邮件给项目责任人,非常的方便有效。

log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender:和SQL SERVER很紧密的结合,便于将重要日志信息记入数据库,便于查找和备份。

最后,想说的是log4net组件可以通过配置LockingModel设置并发时日志文件锁的模式,使其应用场景得到很大的扩充。

 

附上一个简单日志配置例子作为参考,具体设置时有什么问题欢迎一起探讨哈,:) :

 View Code

 

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