architecture&platform&system&framework

computer architecture是计算机体系结构,platform是平台,system是系统,framework是框架。

曾经对这几个词迷惑了好久,通过查阅很多资料和自己的理解做个小结。

1、architecture原意为 n. 建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样,描述的是一座建筑的样式风格,如独栋,叠加房,胶囊房……主要是社会需求决定形式。

computer architecture描述的是微机的体系结构,该结构包括一组部件及这组部件之间的关系。我们常常听说arm的体系结构,AVR的体系结构,8086的体系结构……就是针对不同的微机cpu的描述,表示这些单片机风格不一样,也是社会需求决定的。在Linux内核中也给了和体系结构相关的代码文件夹arch里面包含了不同样式的单片机类型 如下图。


2、platform原意:n. 平台;月台,站台;坛;讲台。是硬件或是软件的操作环境,有了这个环境才能完成一个具有实际意义的事情。以三星的S3C2440为例,它是一个单片机。S3C2440包含ARM920tcpu和soc片上系统,提供了外设(输入输出设备)的控制器或者是i/o接口,它就是一个平台。在Linux内核里面arch/../目录下有与平台相关的代码如ARM体系架构下面的目录如下图:



3、system系统,是一个完成事件的这个组建和组建之间的关系。如温度控制系统、车载导航系统。嵌入式系统是就是为了满足一定的社会需求孕育而生的。有了平台就是为了建立系统。

4、framework是框架的意思。框架是可被应用开发者定制的骨架,是整个或部分系统的可重用设计,表现为一组抽象构件及构件实例间交互的方法。

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The software architecture of Android is based on a layered approach, with each layer providing specific functionalities and services. Here are the key layers of the Android software architecture: 1. Linux Kernel: The Linux kernel is the foundation of the Android operating system. It provides core system services such as memory management, process management, security, and device drivers. 2. Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): The HAL provides a standardized interface between the Android platform and the underlying hardware. It allows developers to write hardware-specific code without needing to know the details of the hardware. 3. Native C/C++ Libraries: The native libraries include a set of libraries that provide core system functionalities such as graphics rendering, media playback, and networking. 4. Android Runtime: The Android runtime includes the Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) and the Android Runtime (ART). The DVM is used to execute Android applications, while ART is a more recent runtime that provides improved performance and other optimizations. 5. Framework Layer: The Framework layer provides a set of APIs and services that application developers can use to build their applications. This layer includes a wide range of functionalities such as UI rendering, data storage, location services, and more. 6. Applications: Finally, the top layer of the Android software architecture is the applications layer. This layer includes all the user-facing applications that users interact with, such as messaging apps, social media apps, games, and more. Overall, the Android software architecture is designed to be modular and flexible, allowing developers to build applications that take advantage of the underlying system functionalities while remaining independent of the specific hardware and software configuration of the device.

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