STL中vector和list的使用

vector

vector时可以改变大小的数组的序列容器
意向书组车一样,vetctor为它们的元素使用连续的存储位置,这意味着vector的元素也可以使用对其元素的常规指针的偏移来访问,但是与list不同,它们的大小可以动态的改变,其存储由容器自动处理.
vector擅长的方面
1. 通过为止索引访问单个元素.(O(1))
2. 按照任意顺序遍历元素
3. 从它的末端天嘉禾删除元素(持续的平摊时间)

在c++标准模板库的vector的实现中,有两个模板参数
temate

成员函数:

(constructor):
Construct vector (public member function)(destructor)
Vector destructor (public member function)
operator=
Copy vector content (public member function )
Iterators:
begin
Return iterator to beginning (public member function )
end
Return iterator to end (public member function )
rbegin
Return reverse iterator to reverse beginning (public member function)
rend
Return reverse iterator to reverse end (public member function)
Capacity:
size
Return size (public member function)
max_sizeReturn
maximum size (public member function )
resize
Change size (public member function)
capacity
Return size of allocated storage capacity (public member function)
empty
Test whether vector is empty (public member function)
reserve
Request a change in capacity (public member function)
Element access:
operator[]
Access element (public member function)
at
Access element (public member function)
front
Access first element (public member function)
back
Access last element (public member function)
Modifiers:
assignAssign
vector content (public member function)
push_back
Add element at the end (public member function)
pop_back
Delete last element (public member function)
insert
Insert elements (public member function)
erase
Erase elements (public member function )
swap
Swap content (public member function )
clear
Clear content (public member function)
Allocator:
get_allocator
Get allocator (public member function )

list

list是允许在序列内的任意位置进行恒定时间插入和删除操作以及双向迭代的学容器
list实现为带有头结点的双向链表,苏昂想链表尅存储在不同和不相关的存储位置中,在内部有关联到之前的元素的指针链接到每个元素它的后继元素的地址.

成员函数

Construct
list (public member function )
(destructor)
List destructor (public member function )
operator=
Assign content (public member function )

Iterators:
begin
Return iterator to beginning (public member function )
end
Return iterator to end (public member function )
rbegin
Return reverse iterator to reverse beginning (public member function )
rend
Return reverse iterator to reverse end (public member function )
cbegin
Return const_iterator to beginning (public member function )
cend
Return const_iterator to end (public member function )
crbegin
Return const_reverse_iterator to reverse beginning (public member function )
crend
Return const_reverse_iterator to reverse end (public member function )

Capacity:
empty
Test whether container is empty (public member function )
size
Return size (public member function )
max_size
Return maximum size (public member function )

Element access:
front
Access first element (public member function )
back
Access last element (public member function )

Modifiers:
assign
Assign new content to container (public member function )
emplace_front
Construct and insert element at beginning (public member function )
push_front
Insert element at beginning (public member function )
pop_front
Delete first element (public member function )
emplace_back
Construct and insert element at the end (public member function )
push_back
Add element at the end (public member function )
pop_back
Delete last element (public member function )
emplace
Construct and insert element (public member function )
insert
Insert elements (public member function )
erase
Erase elements (public member function )
swap
Swap content (public member function )
resize
Change size (public member function )
clear
Clear content (public member function )

Operations:
splice
Transfer elements from list to list (public member function )
remove
Remove elements with specific value (public member function )
remove_if
Remove elements fulfilling condition (public member function template )
unique
Remove duplicate values (public member function )
merge
Merge sorted lists (public member function )
sort
Sort elements in container (public member function )
reverse
Reverse the order of elements (public member function )

Observers:
get_allocator
Get allocator (public member function )

Non-member function overloads
relational operators (list)
Relational operators for list (function )
swap (list)
Exchanges the contents of two lists (function template )