RAM(掉电易失):
SRAM每个单元由六个晶体管组成,存储密度较低,耗电量大,稳定,只要带电就可以保存信息,抗干扰,存取速度较DRAM快;
DRAM每个单元由一个晶体管,存储密度高,但需要定时刷新,以保存信息;
ROM(非掉电易失,注意并非真正的Read Only Memory):
PROM,只能进行一次编程;
EPROM(紫外线擦除) ,EEPROM(电可擦除);
Programs stored in ROM devices are often referred to as firmware.When a computer system is powered up, it runs firmware stored in a ROM.
Some systems provide a small set of primitive input and output functions in firmware, for example, a PC's BIOS(basic input/output system) routines.