1.之所以叫naive bayes,是因为该分类器基于一些naive的假设,即假设数据集的各个特征之间是独立无关的。
2.利用贝叶斯分类器进行分档分类:
1)由训练集文档生成词典:
def loadDataSet():
postingList=[['my', 'dog', 'has', 'flea', 'problems', 'help', 'please'],
['maybe', 'not', 'take', 'him', 'to', 'dog', 'park', 'stupid'],
['my', 'dalmation', 'is', 'so', 'cute', 'I', 'love', 'him'],
['stop', 'posting', 'stupid', 'worthless', 'garbage'],
['mr', 'licks', 'ate', 'my', 'steak', 'how', 'to', 'stop', 'him'],
['quit', 'buying', 'worthless', 'dog', 'food', 'stupid']]
classVec = [0,1,0,1,0,1] #1 is abusive, 0 not
return postingList,classVec
def createVocabList(dataSet):
vocabSet = set([]) #create empty set
for document in dataSet:
vocabSet = vocabSet | set(document) #union of the two sets
return list(vocabSet)
2)依据词典,将文档转化为特征向量:
def setOfWords2Vec(vocabList, inputSet):
returnVec = [0]*len(vocabList)
for word in inputSet:
if word in vocabList:
returnVec[vocabList.index(word)] = 1
else: print "the word: %s is not in my Vocabulary!" % word
return returnVec
这里采用的是有词典中词的话取1,否则取0;后面有更为合理统计词频的BOW模型。
3)训练分类器:
def trainNB0(trainMatrix,trainCategory):
numTrainDocs = len(trainMatrix)
numWords = len(trainMatrix[0])
pAbusive = sum(trainCategory)/float(numTrainDocs)
p0Num = ones(numWords); p1Num = ones(numWords) #change to ones()
p0Denom = 2.0; p1Denom = 2.0 #change to 2.0
# p0Num=zeros(numWords); p1Num=zeros(numWords)
# p0Denom=0.0; p1Denom=0.0
for i in range(numTrainDocs):
if trainCategory[i] == 1:
p1Num += trainMatrix[i]
p1Denom += sum(trainMatrix[i])
else:
p0Num += trainMatrix[i]
p0Denom += sum(trainMatrix[i])
p1Vect = log(p1Num/p1Denom) #change to log()
p0Vect = log(p0Num/p0Denom) #change to log()
return p0Vect,p1Vect,pAbusive
4)测试:
def classifyNB(vec2Classify, p0Vec, p1Vec, pClass1):
p1 = sum(vec2Classify * p1Vec) + log(pClass1) #element-wise mult
p0 = sum(vec2Classify * p0Vec) + log(1.0 - pClass1)
if p1 > p0:
return 1
else:
return 0
def testingNB():
listOPosts,listClasses = loadDataSet()
myVocabList = createVocabList(listOPosts)
trainMat=[]
for postinDoc in listOPosts:
trainMat.append(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList, postinDoc))
p0V,p1V,pAb = trainNB0(array(trainMat),array(listClasses))
testEntry = ['love', 'my', 'dalmation']
thisDoc = array(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList, testEntry))
print testEntry,'classified as: ',classifyNB(thisDoc,p0V,p1V,pAb)
testEntry = ['stupid', 'garbage']
thisDoc = array(setOfWords2Vec(myVocabList, testEntry))
print testEntry,'classified as: ',classifyNB(thisDoc,p0V,p1V,pAb)
5)朴素贝叶斯的BOW模型:
def bagOfWords2VecMN(vocabList, inputSet):
returnVec = [0]*len(vocabList)
for word in inputSet:
if word in vocabList:
returnVec[vocabList.index(word)] += 1
return returnVec