http://blog.csdn.net/yasi_xi/article/details/34847909
【要做什么】
申请一个char类型的数组,要将两个int型变量的值按二进制方式放进去,并能正确读取出来。
【做法】
(运行环境:64位CentOS,sizeof(int)=4)
这里的做法就是,通过memcpy,将int型变量的首地址作为src buffer,char数组作为dst buffer,每个int型变量占据buffer的4个字节。
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <string.h>
-
- #define BUFFER_SIZE 10
-
- int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
- char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
- int input1 = 0, input2 = 0, output1 = 0, output2 = 0;
-
- printf("size of int: %d\n", sizeof(int));
-
- printf("Please input two integers\n");
- scanf("%d", &input1);
- scanf("%d", &input2);
- printf("The input integers are : %d %d\n", input1, input2);
-
- memcpy(buffer, &input1, sizeof(int));
- memcpy(buffer + sizeof(int), &input2, sizeof(int));
-
- printf("Buffer:\n");
- for (int i = 0; i < BUFFER_SIZE; ++i) {
- printf("0x%02x ", buffer[i]);
- }
- printf("\n");
-
- memcpy(&output1, buffer, sizeof(int));
- memcpy(&output2, buffer + sizeof(int), sizeof(int));
-
- printf("The output integers retrieved from buffer: %d %d\n", output1, output2);
-
- return 0;
- }
【执行结果】
- size of int: 4
- Please input two integers
- 100000
- 200000
- The input integers are : 100000 200000
- Buffer:
- 0xffffffa0 0xffffff86 0x01 0x00 0x40 0x0d 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00
- The output integers retrieved from buffer: 100000 200000
-
- size of int: 4
- Please input two integers
- 200000
- 100000
- The input integers are : 200000 100000
- Buffer:
- 0x40 0x0d 0x03 0x00 0xffffffa0 0xffffff86 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00
- The output integers retrieved from buffer: 200000 100000
-
- size of int: 4
- Please input two integers
- 0
- 2147483647
- The input integers are : 0 2147483647 (2 ^ 31 - 1)
- Buffer:
- 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0xffffffff 0xffffffff 0xffffffff 0x7f 0x00 0x00
- The output integers retrieved from buffer: 0 2147483647
可见,在64位CentOS环境下,一个int型变量占4个字节,程序中的两个int型变量刚好依次占据了buffer数组的前8个字节。每个int型变量,低字节在前,高字节在后,符号位在第四个字节的最高位bit。
不同语言、不同机器间通过buffer来存取int型值,要注意大头、小头的区别,必要时要做大小头转换操作。
注意:千万不要用下面的方法
参考:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24422946/store-int-to-and-retrieve-from-char-array
【错误的做法】
- #include <stdio.h>
-
- #define BUFFER_SIZE 10
-
- int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
- char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
- int input = 0, output = 0;
-
- printf("size of int: %d\n", sizeof(int));
-
- printf("Please input an integer\n");
- scanf("%d", &input);
- printf("The input integer is : %d\n", input);
-
- snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "%d", input);
-
- printf("Buffer:\n");
- for (int i = 0; i < BUFFER_SIZE; ++i) {
- printf("0x%02x ", buffer[i]);
- }
- printf("\n");
-
- sscanf(buffer, "%d", &output);
-
- printf("The output integer retrieved from buffer: %d\n", output);
-
- return 0;
- }
即,通过snprintf()向buffer中存,通过sscanf()从buffer中取。
【错在哪里】
错就错在,snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "%d", input) 实际上是把input这个整型值作为一个字符串存放到buffer中,而不是作为二进制的整型值存放。比如input的值是1234, 那么snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "%d", input) 实际上就是把 '1', '2', '3', '4' 这个4个字符依次存放到buffer中,和整数值 1234 完全是两码事!