Java 日看一类（10）之IO包中的DataInput接口

DataInput接口没有引入的包或继承的类；

接口注释如下：

/**
 * The {@code DataInput} interface provides
 * for reading bytes from a binary stream and
 * reconstructing from them data in any of
 * the Java primitive types. There is also
 * a
 * facility for reconstructing a {@code String}
 * from data in
 * <a href="#modified-utf-8">modified UTF-8</a>
 * format.
 * <p>
 * It is generally true of all the reading
 * routines in this interface that if end of
 * file is reached before the desired number
 * of bytes has been read, an {@code EOFException}
 * (which is a kind of {@code IOException})
 * is thrown. If any byte cannot be read for
 * any reason other than end of file, an {@code IOException}
 * other than {@code EOFException} is
 * thrown. In particular, an {@code IOException}
 * may be thrown if the input stream has been
 * closed.
 *
 * <h3><a name="modified-utf-8">Modified UTF-8</a></h3>
 * <p>
 * Implementations of the DataInput and DataOutput interfaces represent
 * Unicode strings in a format that is a slight modification of UTF-8.
 * (For information regarding the standard UTF-8 format, see section
 * <i>3.9 Unicode Encoding Forms</i> of <i>The Unicode Standard, Version
 * 4.0</i>).
 * Note that in the following table, the most significant bit appears in the
 * far left-hand column.
 *
 * <blockquote>
 *   <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"
 *          summary="Bit values and bytes">
 *     <tr>
 *       <th colspan="9"><span style="font-weight:normal">
 *         All characters in the range {@code '\u005Cu0001'} to
 *         {@code '\u005Cu007F'} are represented by a single byte:</span></th>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <td></td>
 *       <th colspan="8" id="bit_a">Bit Values</th>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th id="byte1_a">Byte 1</th>
 *       <td><center>0</center>
 *       <td colspan="7"><center>bits 6-0</center>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th colspan="9"><span style="font-weight:normal">
 *         The null character {@code '\u005Cu0000'} and characters
 *         in the range {@code '\u005Cu0080'} to {@code '\u005Cu07FF'} are
 *         represented by a pair of bytes:</span></th>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <td></td>
 *       <th colspan="8" id="bit_b">Bit Values</th>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th id="byte1_b">Byte 1</th>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>0</center>
 *       <td colspan="5"><center>bits 10-6</center>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th id="byte2_a">Byte 2</th>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>0</center>
 *       <td colspan="6"><center>bits 5-0</center>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th colspan="9"><span style="font-weight:normal">
 *         {@code char} values in the range {@code '\u005Cu0800'}
 *         to {@code '\u005CuFFFF'} are represented by three bytes:</span></th>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <td></td>
 *       <th colspan="8"id="bit_c">Bit Values</th>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th id="byte1_c">Byte 1</th>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>0</center>
 *       <td colspan="4"><center>bits 15-12</center>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th id="byte2_b">Byte 2</th>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>0</center>
 *       <td colspan="6"><center>bits 11-6</center>
 *     </tr>
 *     <tr>
 *       <th id="byte3">Byte 3</th>
 *       <td><center>1</center>
 *       <td><center>0</center>
 *       <td colspan="6"><center>bits 5-0</center>
 *     </tr>
 *   </table>
 * </blockquote>
 * <p>
 * The differences between this format and the
 * standard UTF-8 format are the following:
 * <ul>
 * <li>The null byte {@code '\u005Cu0000'} is encoded in 2-byte format
 *     rather than 1-byte, so that the encoded strings never have
 *     embedded nulls.
 * <li>Only the 1-byte, 2-byte, and 3-byte formats are used.
 * <li><a href="../lang/Character.html#unicode">Supplementary characters</a>
 *     are represented in the form of surrogate pairs.
 * </ul>
 * @author  Frank Yellin
 * @see     java.io.DataInputStream
 * @see     java.io.DataOutput
 * @since   JDK1.0
 */

大意如下：

该接口用于从二进制流中读取字节，并根据的所有基本类型对其进行重构

同时也可以根据修改版UTF-8的格式重构字符串

如果在被请求的byte数目被读取之前就读取到文件末尾，一个文件结束事件（EOFException）将会被抛出

如果在文件结束之前由于各种原因不能读取文件，一个除了EOFException意外的IO异常将会被抛出

尤其当输入流关闭后将会抛出一个IO异常

修改版UTF-8：（注释里面插标签语言真是看的头疼）

本接口规定了15个方法：

传入缓冲区数组的readFully

传入缓冲区数组、读取指针、读取长度的readFully

跳过输入流后续n个字符的skipBytes

读入输入字符对其进行条件检测的readBoolean

读取输入流中单个字节（有符号返回

读取输入流中单个字节（无符号返回

读取输入流中两个字节（有符号返回

读取输入流中两个字节（无符号返回

读取两个字节并转化为字符类型

读取四个字节返回int值

读取八个字节返回long值

读取四个字节返回float值

读取8个字节返回double

读入单行文本

读入修改版UTF-8，返回字符串

说实话，接口难以去分析什么（毕竟没有源码，只能看看注释），看注释不如直接翻看文档，不过接口也必须要学习，有助理解许多完成该接口的类的功能。